Definitions [8]
Define
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis: The process by which plant leaf prepares or synthesizes food from water and carbon dioxide in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight is called photosynthesis.
Define venation.
Venation: Arrangement of a pattern of veins in a lamina is called venation.
Define
Tranpiration
Tranpiration: This is the process by which there is a loss of water in the form of vapour by evaporation from the surface of leaves. It has a cooling effect, it causes the suction force to make roots absorb more water with mineral ions.
A modified, compressed reproductive shoot of angiosperms bearing sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels, meant for sexual reproduction, is called a flower.
The swollen terminal part of the pedicel on which all floral whorls are arranged is called the thalamus or receptacle.
When calyx and corolla are not differentiated, the floral envelope is called the perianth.
Individual members of the perianth are called tepals.
A circular arrangement of floral organs at the same level on the thalamus is called a whorl.
Key Points
| Part of Flower | Whorl Type | Main Components | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calyx | Accessory whorl | Sepals | Protect inner floral parts |
| Corolla | Accessory whorl | Petals | Attract insects for pollination |
| Androecium | Essential whorl | Stamens (filament + anther) | Male reproduction; pollen formation |
| Gynoecium | Essential whorl | Carpels (stigma, style, ovary) | Female reproduction; seed and fruit formation |
