Question

Write briefly about cell organelles.

Answer 1

Cell organelles are specialised subcellular structures present within the cytoplasm that perform specific metabolic functions necessary for the survival and growth of a cell.

The key organelles, along with their functions related to cell growth and division, are described below:

• Nucleus: The nucleus is the regulatory center of the cell that contains the hereditary material in the form of a chromatin network, which later condenses into distinct chromosomes during cell division.
• Centrosome: The centrosome is a non-membranous organelle located near the nucleus in animal cells that contains centrioles, which initiate cell division by organising the spindle fibers.
• Mitochondria: Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they produce energy in the form of ATP molecules, which are heavily required to power the process of cell division.
• Ribosomes: Ribosomes are tiny granular structures responsible for protein synthesis, which helps the cell grow and prepare during the interphase of the cell cycle.