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प्रश्न
Which are the different festivals related to farming, celebrated in different seasons? Find out more about anyone such festival and write in your notebook –
The name of the festival, in which season is it celebrated, in which states of India, what special foods are made, is it celebrated only at home with the family, or together with many people.
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उत्तर
There are many festivals related to farming, e.g. Lohri, Holi, Baisakhi, etc. Let us take the example of Lohri.
Lohri is celebrated in the winter season; on 13th January, in Punjab. It is celebrated by different names in different states. It is celebrated as Pongal in Tamil Nadu. It is celebrated as Yella Bella in Karnataka. Different special dishes are made in different states. Sesame seeds and jaggery are common in almost all states. In some states, it is celebrated with many people; like in Punjab. In some states, it is celebrated in a family only. Kite flying is done in Gujarat on this day.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Are rotis made in your home? From which grains are they made?
Talk to the elders in your family and find out if there were some special foods cooked earlier that are not cooked anymore?
Find out about the crops - cereals, vegetables, pulses - that are grown in your area. Of those, is there anything that is famous across the country?
The bajra seed saw differences in the way Damjibhai and Hasmukh did farming (for example, in irrigation, ploughing, etc). What were these differences?
Hasmukh said, “With profits from our fields, we can progress.” What is your understanding of ‘progress’?
What can happen to Hasmukh’s farm after some years?
Damjibhai’s son Hasmukh chose to become a farmer like his father. Hasmukh’s son Paresh is not a farmer, but a truck driver. Why would he have done so?
Have there been any changes near your area, which may be difficult to call ‘progress’? What changes are these? What are the different opinions about them?
What can you see in each picture on the next page?
In picture 2 you can see the bajra cobs in the mortar (okhli, used for crushing). The cobs are crushed with a pestle (moosli) and the seeds are separated from the cob. You can see the separated seeds in picture 3. Now this work is also done by big machines, like threshers. We call both these different ‘technologies’ – using our hands or big machines – to crush the seeds.
What technology could have been used to cut the stem in picture 1? What do you think is being done in the grinder (chakki ) in picture 4? What ways (technologies) would have been used to do the work shown in pictures 5 and 6? You can see that the dough is ready in picture 6. When do you think a sieve (chhalni ) would have been used? Discuss each step in detail, in any language you wish to use.
What technology could have been used to cut the stem in picture 1?
