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What is Marketable Surplus?

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प्रश्न

What is marketable surplus?

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उत्तर

Marketable surplus refers to the difference between the total output produced by a farmer and his on-farm consumption. In other words, it is that portion of the total output that the farmer sells in the market.

Marketable surplus = Total farm output produced by farmer – Own consumption of farm output

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पाठ 2: Indian Economy 1950-1990 - Exercise [पृष्ठ ३४]

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एनसीईआरटी Economics Indian Economic Development [English] Class 12
पाठ 2 Indian Economy 1950-1990
Exercise | Q 5. | पृष्ठ ३४

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Agriculture provides livelihood to almost three - a fourth of the population of India. Indian agriculture is highly dependent on the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall. Climate extremes such as drought and flood affect agriculture severely. An account of the impact of climate extreme viz. drought and flood, on Indian food-grain production, has been presented in this chapter. There are temporal fluctuations in food grain production and the area under the food grain. In secular terms, both of them increased up to the mid-eighties. After the mid-eighties, there is a decline in the area of food grain while maintaining an increase in production of food grain suggesting the improvement in agricultural technology and policy. There is more temporal fluctuation in the production of food grain than the area under food grain. The analysis reveals that the impact of drought on Indian agriculture is more than that of the flood. Rabi food grain production depicts better adaptability to drought than Kharif food grain production mostly due to better access to irrigation infrastructure. Among the various food, crops analyzed all except jowar can effectively face flood events. Wheat and jowar perform relatively better during drought events. Rice is the most sensitive crop to extreme climate events. Since rice is the staple food in the sub-continent, management of rice production against climate extremes needs special attention for food security and sustainability.

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The Green Revolution in India began in the mid-1960s marking a transition from traditional agriculture in India to high-yielding varieties of seeds and the associated modern agricultural techniques. The need for introduction of Green Revolution in India arose due to a shortage of food-grains in the post-independent period.

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