Question

What is the relation between the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha?

Explain the relation between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha in India.

Answer 1

1. Equal powers of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
   1. Passing of ordinary bills: Ordinary bills are passed with equal rights by both Houses. Before a bill can become law, both Houses must approve it.
   2. Passing of constitutional amendments: Amendments to the Constitution must be approved by both Houses with a special majority, giving them equal power.
   3. Equal impeachment powers: Both Houses have equal say in the impeachment procedure for the President, Supreme Court and High Court justices, and other constitutional authorities.
   4. Equal electoral powers: Both Houses vote to elect India’s President and Vice President.
   5. Power to approve emergency proclamations: During national emergencies, permission from both Houses is required. When the Lok Sabha is in session, both Houses must approve the proclamation.
   6. Equal power to consider reports: Reports from institutions such as the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), Finance Commission, and others are presented to both Houses for discussion.
2. Superiority of the Lok Sabha over the Rajya Sabha
   1. Superiority in financial matters: Only the Lok Sabha has the authority to introduce money bills. The Rajya Sabha can only propose changes, which the Lok Sabha may adopt or reject.
   2. Power to control the executive: The Council of Ministers is only responsible to the Lok Sabha. It is the only body capable of passing a no-confidence motion and removing the administration.
3. Exclusive powers of the Rajya Sabha
   1. Declaring a state subject of national importance: Under Article 249, the Rajya Sabha has the authority to declare a state topic to be of national interest, allowing Parliament to pass legislation on the issue.
   2. Creation or abolition of All India Services: Under Article 312, the Rajya Sabha has the authority to create or abolish an All India Service, such as IAS or IPS.
   3. Approving emergency declaration when Lok Sabha is dissolved: When the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Rajya Sabha can declare a national emergency, ensuring the continuation of parliamentary authority.