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प्रश्न
What is the basic principle of vaccination? How do vaccines prevent microbial infections? Name the organism from which hepatitis B vaccine is produced.
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उत्तर
The principle of vaccination is based on the property of `memory' of the immune system. In vaccination, a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or inactivated/live but weakened pathogens is introduced into the body. The antigens generate the primary immune response by producing antibodies. The vaccines also generate the memory B-cells and T-cells. When the vaccinated person is attacked by the same pathogens, the existing memory B-cells or T-cells recognise the antigen quickly and overwhelm the invaders with massive production of lymphocytes and antibodies. The Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from yeast.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Mention the contributions of
Edward Jenner
What are antibiotics?
Give a brief note on body’s natural defence mechanism to overcome diseases
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1-10.
|
Vaccine |
Disease(s) |
The Nature of Vaccine |
|
TAB |
1. _______________ |
2. ___________________ |
|
Salk's vaccine |
3. _______________ |
4. ___________________ |
|
BCG |
5. _______________ |
Living weakened germs |
|
Vaccines for measles |
Measles |
6. ___________________ |
|
Cowpox virus |
7. _______________ |
8. ___________________ |
|
Toxoids |
9. _______________ |
Extracts of toxins |
|
|
10. ______________ |
Secreted by bacteria |
Differentiate between : Vaccination and sterilisation
Mention if the following statement is true (T) or false (F).
Vaccine provides the body with active immunity.
Mention if the following statement is true (T) or false (F).
Vaccine provides the body with active immunity.
What is vaccination?
Intestinal diseases spread through air.
Expand the following.
WHO-
Expand the following.
BCG-
Pick out the odd one.
What is triple antigen? Mention the disease which can be prevented by using the antigen.
Suggest the immunization schedule for a new born baby till 12 months of age. Why it is necessary to follow the schedule?
In the given structure of an antibody molecule, identify the label 'X'.
Expand the following:
OPV –
Define the following:
Antibiotics
