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प्रश्न
What is the basic principle of vaccination? How do vaccines prevent microbial infections? Name the organism from which hepatitis B vaccine is produced.
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उत्तर
The principle of vaccination is based on the property of `memory' of the immune system. In vaccination, a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or inactivated/live but weakened pathogens is introduced into the body. The antigens generate the primary immune response by producing antibodies. The vaccines also generate the memory B-cells and T-cells. When the vaccinated person is attacked by the same pathogens, the existing memory B-cells or T-cells recognise the antigen quickly and overwhelm the invaders with massive production of lymphocytes and antibodies. The Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from yeast.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Define the following:
Immunisation
Define the following:
Vaccine
Mention the contributions of
Edward Jenner
Select the most appropriate option in each case.
Vaccines are
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1-10.
|
Vaccine |
Disease(s) |
The Nature of Vaccine |
|
TAB |
1. _______________ |
2. ___________________ |
|
Salk's vaccine |
3. _______________ |
4. ___________________ |
|
BCG |
5. _______________ |
Living weakened germs |
|
Vaccines for measles |
Measles |
6. ___________________ |
|
Cowpox virus |
7. _______________ |
8. ___________________ |
|
Toxoids |
9. _______________ |
Extracts of toxins |
|
|
10. ______________ |
Secreted by bacteria |
Name any three vaccines and the diseases for which they provide immunity.
Mention if the following statement is true (T) or false (F).
Vaccine provides the body with active immunity.
Define the following.
Vaccines
What is triple antigen? Mention the disease which can be prevented by using the antigen.
In human beings, antibodies are used to cure infectious diseases like cholera, typhoid, etc.
Expand the following:
MMR –
Define the following:
Antibiotics
What is an immunization?
After vaccination, the body builds up ______.
What is NOT true about the purpose of vaccination?
Which of the following best describes the process of administering a vaccine to stimulate the immune system and provide protection against infectious diseases?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of vaccine?
Memory cells generated by vaccines include:
In cases requiring a quick immune response such as tetanus, which type of immunisation is employed?
