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प्रश्न
What is the basic principle of vaccination? How do vaccines prevent microbial infections? Name the organism from which hepatitis B vaccine is produced.
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उत्तर
The principle of vaccination is based on the property of `memory' of the immune system. In vaccination, a preparation of antigenic proteins of pathogens or inactivated/live but weakened pathogens is introduced into the body. The antigens generate the primary immune response by producing antibodies. The vaccines also generate the memory B-cells and T-cells. When the vaccinated person is attacked by the same pathogens, the existing memory B-cells or T-cells recognise the antigen quickly and overwhelm the invaders with massive production of lymphocytes and antibodies. The Hepatitis B vaccine is produced from yeast.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What is vaccination? Mention the four ways in which vaccine’s are prepared, giving the name of one disease for which each type of vaccine is used.
Mention the contributions of
Louis Pasteur.
How vaccination helps to prevent diseases?
Select the most appropriate option in each case.
DPT stands for
Given below is a table of certain vaccines, the diseases against which they are used and the nature of vaccine. Fill up the gaps 1-10.
|
Vaccine |
Disease(s) |
The Nature of Vaccine |
|
TAB |
1. _______________ |
2. ___________________ |
|
Salk's vaccine |
3. _______________ |
4. ___________________ |
|
BCG |
5. _______________ |
Living weakened germs |
|
Vaccines for measles |
Measles |
6. ___________________ |
|
Cowpox virus |
7. _______________ |
8. ___________________ |
|
Toxoids |
9. _______________ |
Extracts of toxins |
|
|
10. ______________ |
Secreted by bacteria |
Name any three vaccines and the diseases for which they provide immunity.
Differentiate between : Vaccination and sterilisation
Mention if the following statement is true (T) or false (F).
BCG is the vaccine given to babies to help build immunity against three common diseases.
What is vaccination?
What is triple antigen? Mention the disease which can be prevented by using the antigen.
In the given structure of an antibody molecule, identify the label 'X'.
Antibodies of white polio drops that are administered into the body contain:
The disease that is eliminated totally by the vaccination process is ______.
Define the following:
Antibiotics
What is an immunization?
Which of the following best describes the process of administering a vaccine to stimulate the immune system and provide protection against infectious diseases?
At 1.5 months of age, which diseases are vaccinated against according to early-life vaccination schedules?
Which statement accurately describes immunisation?
Memory cells generated by vaccines include:
