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प्रश्न
What is meant by the term osmoregulation?
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उत्तर
- Kidneys continuously remove harmful substances from the body in the form of urine. Apart from this, the tissues also control the amount of salt and water in the liquid.
- When the amount of water in the body increases, that is, when the osmolality of the body fluid decreases, urine becomes thin (diluted) and its quantity increases.
- When there is a lack of water in the body, that is, when the osmolality of body tissue fluid increases, urine becomes thicker and its quantity reduces.
- The amount of urine is mainly controlled by aldosterone and antidiuretics. Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of Na+, so that the appropriate amount of Na+ is maintained in the environment.
- Antidiuretic or vasopressin, is the main regulator of urine dilution or concentration. Osmolality is controlled in the bodies of living beings through the process of osmotic regulation.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the autoregulatory mechanism of GFR.
Fill in the blank :
Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has ............... effect.
Define the following:
Nephron
Fill in the blank.
........................ is found in the seeds of poppy plants.
Fill in the blank.
When air is humid, the rate of transpiration is ..................
Differentiate between
bowman’s capsule and glomerulus.
Write the functional activity of the following structure: Bowman’s capsule
Answer the following question.
Effective filtration pressure was calculated to be 20 mmHg; where glomerular hydrostatic pressure was 70 mm of Hg. Which other pressure is affecting the filtration process? How much is it?
Higher Order Thinking Skill
Why do you think that urine analysis is an important part of medical diagnosis?
What forces promote glomerular filtration? What forces opposes them? What is meant by net filtration pressure?
If the afferent arteriole of the nephron constricts, what happens to the GFR in that nephron? If the efferent arteriole constricts what happens to the GFR in that nephron? Assume that no auto regulation takes place.
Glomerular filtrate contains ______.
Identify the biological term
A ball of inter twined capillaries.
Na+ excretion in the urine is reduced by secretion of ______
The osmotic pressure of blood that opposes ultrafiltration is about ______ mm Hg.
Filtration of the blood takes place at ______.
The following substances are the excretory products in animals. Choose the least toxic form among them?
The pH of human urine is approximately ______.
The composition of glomerular filtrate and urine is not same. Comment.
Name the following:
Three stages of urine formation.
