Question

The table below shows a hypothetical blood report of a patient.

Test description	Observed value	Unit	Reference range
Leucocytes
Total leucocyte count	1100	Per Microliter	4400-11000
Neutrophils	31	%	55-70
Lymphocytes	25	%	20-40
Basophils	0.5	%	0.5-1
Eosinophils	02	%	1-4
Monocytes	0	%	1-8

1. Looking at the values suggests which defense mechanism/immunity is affected and states how this defense mechanism provides immunity.
2. Name the barrier with the least count and enumerate its role in providing immunity.

Answer 1

1. The blood report shows a very low leukocyte count (1100/µL), indicating that innate immunity is affected. Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defense by destroying microbes through phagocytic cells and other barriers.
2. The barrier with the least count is monocytes, which are part of the cellular barrier. Monocytes destroy pathogens by phagocytosis and help prevent infection.