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प्रश्न
State the various postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory of matter.
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उत्तर
Postulates of Dalton's atomic theory of matter :
- Matter comprises very small particles called atoms.
- Atoms of different elements differ in mass, size and chemical properties.
- Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.
- Chemical reactions involve the combination, separation or rearrangement of atoms to form molecules or compounds.
- Atoms cannot be divided.
- A compound has a fixed number and kind of atoms.
- Atoms of the same element can combine in more than one ratio to form more than one compound.
- All the atoms in an element are identical in every aspect i.e. they have same mass, size and chemical properties.
- Like elements, there are many kinds of atoms.
- Atoms of different elements join together to form molecules of the compound in a chemical combination.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Which postulate of Dalton's atomic theory is the result of law of conservation of mass given by Lavoisier ?
Which part of the Dalton's atomic theory came from the law of constant proportions given by Proust ?
Name any two laws of chemical combination.
Give one major drawback of Dalton's atomic theory of matter.
Which postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory can explain the law of constant proportions ?
In an experiment, 4.90 g of copper oxide was obtained from 3.92 g of copper. In another experiment, 4.55 g of copper oxide gave, on reduction, 3.64 g of copper. Show with the help of calculations that these figures verify the law of constant proportions.
When 5 g of calcium is burnt in 2 g of oxygen, then 7 g of calcium oxide is produced. What mass of calcium oxide will be produced when 5 g of calcium is burnt in 20 g of oxygen ? Which law of chemical combination will govern your answer ?
What do we call those particles which have more electrons than the normal atoms ?
State the law of constant proportions.
Ruthresh, Hari, Kanishka, and Thahera collected different samples of water from a well, a pond, a river, and underground water. All these samples were sent to a testing laboratory. The test result showed the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen as 1:8.
- What conclusion would you draw from the above experiment?
- Which law of chemical combination does it obey?
