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प्रश्न
State the various postulates of Dalton’s atomic theory of matter.
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उत्तर
Postulates of Dalton's atomic theory of matter :
- Matter comprises very small particles called atoms.
- Atoms of different elements differ in mass, size and chemical properties.
- Atoms can neither be created nor destroyed.
- Chemical reactions involve the combination, separation or rearrangement of atoms to form molecules or compounds.
- Atoms cannot be divided.
- A compound has a fixed number and kind of atoms.
- Atoms of the same element can combine in more than one ratio to form more than one compound.
- All the atoms in an element are identical in every aspect i.e. they have same mass, size and chemical properties.
- Like elements, there are many kinds of atoms.
- Atoms of different elements join together to form molecules of the compound in a chemical combination.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Which postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory can explain the law of definite proportions?
When 3.0 g of carbon is burnt in 8.00 g oxygen, 11.00 g of carbon dioxide is produced. What mass of carbon dioxide will be formed when 3.00 g of carbon is burnt in 50.00 g of oxygen? Which law of chemical combinations will govern your answer?
The law of constant proportions was given by :
In water, the proportion of oxygen and hydrogen by mass is :
When 5 g of calcium is burnt in 2 g of oxygen, then 7 g of calcium oxide is produced. What mass of calcium oxide will be produced when 5 g of calcium is burnt in 20 g of oxygen ? Which law of chemical combination will govern your answer ?
What do we call those particles which have more or less electrons than the normal atoms ?
What do we call those particles which are formed by the gain of electrons by atoms ?
Two samples ‘m’ and ‘n’ of slaked lime were obtained from two different reactions. The details about their composition are as follows:
- ‘sample m’ mass: 7g
- Mass of constituent oxygen: 2g
- Mass of constituent calcium: 5g
- ‘sample n’ mass: 1.4g
- Mass of constituent oxygen: 0.4g
- Mass of constituent calcium: 1.0g
Which law of chemical combination does this prove? Explain.
In water, hydrogen and oxygen are combined in the ratio of _____ by mass.
Ruthresh, Hari, Kanishka, and Thahera collected different samples of water from a well, a pond, a river, and underground water. All these samples were sent to a testing laboratory. The test result showed the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen as 1:8.
- What conclusion would you draw from the above experiment?
- Which law of chemical combination does it obey?
