Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
State Raoult law and obtain the expression for lowering of vapour pressure when the nonvolatile solute is dissolved Insolvent.
Advertisements
उत्तर
In an ideal solution, the vapour pressure of the solution is decreased when a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a solvent. The magnitude of decrease in the vapour pressure of the solution depends on the amount of solute added.
Let us consider the solution with the following features.
Mole fraction of the solvent = xA
Mole fraction of the solute = xB
Vapour pressure of the pure solvent = P°A
Vapour pressure of solution = P
As the solute is nonvolatile, the vapour pressure of the solution is only due to the solvent.
Therefore, the vapour pressure of the solution (P) will be equal to the vapour pressure of the solvent (PA) over the solution.
i.e., P = PA
According to Raoult’s law, the vapour pressure of solvent over the solution is equal to the product or its vapour pressure in a pure state and its mole fraction.
PA = P°A xA or
P = P°A xA
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word/words from those given in the brackets:
Ideal solutions obey ………. law and they …………. form azeotropic mixtures.
(Henry’s, aldol condensation, absence, do not, ohm, Raoult’s, increases, common ion effect, easily, three, solubility product, ohm-1, two, four, ohm-1, cm2, Cannizzaro, ohm-1 cm-1, zero, decreases, presence)
The partial pressure of nitrogen in air is 0.76 atm and its Henry’s law constant is 7.6 × 104 atm at 300 K. What is the mole fraction of nitrogen gas in the solution obtained when air is bubbled through water at 300 K?
The KH for the solution of oxygen dissolved in water is 4 × 104 atm at a given temperature. If the partial pressure of oxygen in air is 0.4 atm, the mole fraction of oxygen in solution is ______.
For ideal solution the enthalpy of mixing of the pure components to form the solution is ____________.
Which of the following condition is not satisfied by an ideal solution?
Concentration terms such as mass percentage, ppm, mole fraction and molality are independent of temperature, however molarity is a function of temperature. Explain.
Why soda water bottle kept at room temperature fizzes on opening?
Dissociation constant and molar conductance of an acetic acid solution are 1.78 × 10–5 mol L–1 and 48.15 S cm–2 mol–1 respectively. The conductivity of the solution is (considering molar conductance at infinite dilution is 390.5 S cm–2 mol–1)
The pH of a solution of hydrochloric acid is 1.5. Calculate the concentration of the acid.
5 moles of liquid X and 10 moles of liquid Y make a solution having a vapour pressure of 70 torr. The vapour pressures of pure X and Y are 63 torr and 78 torr respectively. Which of the following is true regarding the described solution?
