Question

Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Water Pollution Industries produce several undesirable products including industrial wastes, polluted waste water, poisonous gases, chemical residuals, numerous heavy metals, dust, smoke, etc. Most of the industrial wastes are disposed off in running water or lakes. Consequently, poisonous elements reach the reservoirs, rivers and other water bodies, which destroy the bio-system of these waters. Major water polluting industries are leather, pulp and paper, textiles and chemicals.

1. Explain how industries are the major contributor of water pollution in India. (1)
2. Suggest the way for minimising water pollution. (1)
3. Mention two rivers of India which are highly polluted. (1)

Answer 1

1. Industries significantly contribute to water pollution by dumping untreated industrial waste, chemical residues, and heavy metals straight into running water or lakes, destroying aquatic ecosystems.
2. Water pollution can be minimised by treating industrial effluents in effluent treatment plants (ETPs) before release, as well as using water recycling and reuse techniques within industries.