Question

Prepare a list showing where and when other modern industries of India were first set up. Can you also find out what the basic requirements are for setting up any modern industry? What, for example, might have been the reasons for the setting up of the Tata Iron and Steel Company at Jamshedpur, which is now in the state of Jharkhand?

Answer 1

Some Early Modern Industries in India:

Industry	Place	Year
Cotton textile mill	Bombay (Mumbai)	1854
Jute mill	Rishra near Calcutta (Kolkata)	1855
Iron and steel industry	Kulti	1874
Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO)	Jamshedpur	1907

The first cotton mill was established in Bombay in 1854, while the first jute mill was set up at Rishra in Bengal in 1855. TISCO was established in 1907.

Basic Requirements for Setting Up an Industry:

1. Raw materials must be easily available.
2. A good supply of water and power should be available.
3. Labour should be available.
4. Good transport facilities, such as roads and railways, are necessary.
5. A market should be available to sell the finished goods.
6. Capital and machinery are also required to start and run an industry.

TISCO was set up at Jamshedpur:

1. Jamshedpur was located close to important sources of iron ore and coal, which are essential for making steel.
2. Other minerals required for steel production, such as manganese and limestone, were also available in the surrounding region.
3. The nearby Subarnarekha and Kharkai rivers provided an important water source.
4. Railway connections helped in transporting raw materials and finished steel.
5. Jamshedpur was also reasonably close to Calcutta (Kolkata), which provided access to a large market and transport facilities.

Conclusion:

Jamshedpur was chosen for TISCO because it had the main requirements of a steel industry nearby, such as raw materials, water, transport, labour and access to markets.