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प्रश्न
Pineal gland is an endocrine gland, write its role.
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उत्तर
The pineal gland or epiphysis cerebri or conarium is located behind the third ventricle of the brain. It is formed of parenchymal cells and interstitial cells. It secretes the hormone, melatonin.
It plays a central role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of our body and maintains a normal sleep-wake cycle. It also regulates the timing of the sexual maturation of gonads. It also influences metabolism, pigmentation, menstrual cycle, and defense mechanism of our body.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give an example of hyperglycemic hormone.
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In the table given below, fill in the blanks by naming endocrine glands, the hormones they secrete, and the function they perform, in a normal person.
| S.No. | Name of the gland | produced | Function |
| 1. | Thyroid | ||
| 2. | Insulin | ||
| 3. | Preparing the body for action | ||
| 4. | (i) Growth hormone (ii) Thyroid-stimulating hormone |
How do endocrine glands differ from other glands?
Complete the following:
| Gland/Organ | Hormone | Function |
| (i) Stomach | __________ | __________ |
| (ii) Parathyroid | __________ | __________ |
| (iii) __________ | __________ | Lowers blood sugar level. |
| (iv) Adrenal medulla | __________ | __________ |
| (v) Pancreas (Alpha cells) | __________ | __________ |
| (vi) Testes | __________ | __________ |
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Fill in the Blanks:
The glands with ducts are called ______.
Some of the endocrine glands are shown by the guidelines.
(i) Name the glands 1 to 5.
(ii) Name any two endocrine glands which are not shown in the diagram.
(iii) Name one gland which is both exocrine and endocrine.
Choose the Odd One Out
Choose the Odd One Out.
Choose the Odd One Out
Choose the Odd One Out
Column ‘II’ is a list of items related to ideas in Column ‘I’. Match the term in Column ‘II’ with a suitable idea given in Column ‘I’.
| Column A | Column B |
| (i) Pituitary | (a) produces male sex characteristics |
| (ii) Ovaries | (b) decreases blood sugar level |
| (iii) Thyroid | (c) increases heart and breathing rate raises blood pressure |
| (iv) Thymus | (d) produces female sex characteristics |
| (v) Adrenals | (e) is known as emergency hormone |
| (vi) Hypothalamus | (f) regulates the level of calcium and phosphorus |
| (vii) Pancreas | (g) increases the rate of metabolism |
| (viii) Testes | (h) maintains the level of calcium |
| (ix) Parathyroid | regulates the amount of water excreted in the urine. |
| (x) Cretinism | (j) simulates skeletal growth |
| (xi) Diabetes mellitus | (k) regulates the activities of other glands |
| (xii) Insulin shock | (l) stimulates the development of male and female sex organs |
| (xiii) Gigantism | (m) Shortage of glucose in the blood. |
| (xiv) Enlargement of breasts in adult males | (n) Over-secretion of growth hormone |
| (xv) Exophthalmic goiter | (o) Excess of glucose in the blood |
| (xvi) Acromegaly | (p) Over-secretion of thyroxin |
| (xvii) Addison’s disease | (q) Dwarfism and mental retardation |
| (xviii)Cretinism | (r) Over-secretion of cortical hormones |
| (xix) Dwarfism | (s) Under-secretion of the adrenal cortex |
| (xx) Adrenalin | (t) Under-secretion of thyroxin in children |
| (xxi) Vasopressin | (u) Over-secretion of growth hormones in adults |
Which of the following hormone is not secreted under the influence of pituitary gland?
Iodised salt is essential to prevent ______.
Hormones are known as chemical messenger. Justify.
Comment on Acini of thyroid gland.
Name the layers of adrenal cortex and mention their secretions.
