Question

Observe the following pattern \[1^2 = \frac{1}{6}\left[ 1 \times \left( 1 + 1 \right) \times \left( 2 \times 1 + 1 \right) \right]\]
\[ 1^2 + 2^2 = \frac{1}{6}\left[ 2 \times \left( 2 + 1 \right) \times \left( 2 \times 2 + 1 \right) \right]\]
\[ 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 = \frac{1}{6}\left[ 3 \times \left( 3 + 1 \right) \times \left( 2 \times 3 + 1 \right) \right]\]
\[ 1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + 4^2 = \frac{1}{6}\left[ 4 \times \left( 4 + 1 \right) \times \left( 2 \times 4 + 1 \right) \right]\] and find the values :  

1² + 2² + 3² + 4² + ... + 10²

 

 

Answer 1

Observing the six numbers on the RHS of the equalities:
The first equality, whose biggest number on the LHS is 1, has 1, 1, 1, 2, 1 and 1 as the six numbers.
The second equality, whose biggest number on the LHS is 2, has 2, 2, 1, 2, 2 and 1 as the six numbers.
The third equality, whose biggest number on the LHS is 3, has 3, 3, 1, 2, 3 and 1 as the six numbers.
The fourth equality, whose biggest number on the LHS is 4, has numbers 4, 4, 1, 2, 4 and 1 as the six numbers.
Note that the fourth number on the RHS is always 2 and the sixth number is always 1. The remaining numbers are equal to the biggest number on the LHS.
Hence, if the biggest number on the LHS is n, the six numbers on the RHS would be n, n, 1, 2, n and 1.
Using this property, we can calculate the sums for (i) and (ii) as follows: 

\[ 1^2 + 2^2 + . . . . . . . + {10}^2 = \frac{1}{6} \times \left[ 10 \times \left( 10 + 1 \right) \times \left( 2 \times 10 + 1 \right) \right]\]

\[= \frac{1}{6} \times \left[ 10 \times 11 \times 12 \right] \]
\[ = 385\]