Question

Name the cells that act as HIV factory in humans when infected by HIV. Explain the events that occur in these infected cells.

Answer 1

Macrophage cells act as HIV factories in humans when infected by the virus. In these cells, the RNA of HIV is converted into viral DNA with the help of the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

Events that occur in the infected cells are as follows:

• After entering the human body, HIV attacks and enters the macrophages. Inside these cells, the viral RNA is converted into viral DNA with the help of reverse transcriptase.
• The viral DNA then integrates into the host DNA and directs the synthesis of new virus particles.
• Simultaneously, HIV infects helper T-lymphocytes, where it multiplies and produces viral progeny. The newly formed viruses are released into the bloodstream and infect healthy helper T-lymphocytes.
• As a result, the number of T-lymphocytes gradually decreases in the infected person, leading to a decline in immunity.