मराठी

Let P(N) Be the Statement : 2n ≥ 3n. If P(R) is True, Show that P(R + 1) is True. Do You Conclude that P(N) is True for All N ∈ N?

Advertisements
Advertisements

प्रश्न

Let P(n) be the statement : 2n ≥ 3n. If P(r) is true, show that P(r + 1) is true. Do you conclude that P(n) is true for all n ∈ N

Advertisements

उत्तर

\[P\left( n \right): 2^n \geq 3n\]
\[\text{ We know that } P\left( r \right) \text{ is true }  . \]
\[\text { Thus, we have: }  \]
\[ 2^r \geq 3r\]
\[\text{ To show: P(r + 1) is true }  . \]
\[\text{ We know: } \]
\[P(r) \text{ is true } . \]
\[ \therefore 2^r \geq 3r\]
\[ \Rightarrow 2^r . 2 \geq 3r . 2 \left[ \text{ Multiplying both sides by } 2 \right]\]
\[ \Rightarrow 2^{r + 1} \geq 6r\]
\[ \Rightarrow 2^{r + 1} \geq 3r + 3r\]
\[ = 2^{r + 1} \geq 3r + 3 \left[ \text{ Since } 3r \geq 3 \text{ for all } r \in N \right]\]
\[ = 2^{r + 1} \geq 3\left( r + 1 \right) \]
\[\text{ Hence, P(r + 1) is true } . \]
\[\text{ However, we cannot conclude that }  P\left( n \right) \text{ is true for all n } \in N . \]
\[P(1): 2^1 \not\geq 3 . 1\]
\[\text{ Therefore } , P\left( n \right) \text{ is not true for all n }  \in N .\]

shaalaa.com
  या प्रश्नात किंवा उत्तरात काही त्रुटी आहे का?
पाठ 12: Mathematical Induction - Exercise 12.2 [पृष्ठ २८]

APPEARS IN

आर.डी. शर्मा Mathematics [English] Class 11
पाठ 12 Mathematical Induction
Exercise 12.2 | Q 35 | पृष्ठ २८

व्हिडिओ ट्यूटोरियलVIEW ALL [1]

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Prove the following by using the principle of mathematical induction for all n ∈ N

`1 + 3 + 3^2 + ... + 3^(n – 1) =((3^n -1))/2`


Prove the following by using the principle of mathematical induction for all n ∈ N: `1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ... + 1/2^n = 1 - 1/2^n`

 

Prove the following by using the principle of mathematical induction for all n ∈ N

`a + ar + ar^2 + ... + ar^(n -1) = (a(r^n - 1))/(r -1)`

Prove the following by using the principle of mathematical induction for all n ∈ N: 41n – 14n is a multiple of 27.


Given an example of a statement P (n) such that it is true for all n ∈ N.

 

1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2n − 1) = n2 i.e., the sum of first n odd natural numbers is n2.

 

\[\frac{1}{3 . 5} + \frac{1}{5 . 7} + \frac{1}{7 . 9} + . . . + \frac{1}{(2n + 1)(2n + 3)} = \frac{n}{3(2n + 3)}\]


\[\frac{1}{3 . 7} + \frac{1}{7 . 11} + \frac{1}{11 . 5} + . . . + \frac{1}{(4n - 1)(4n + 3)} = \frac{n}{3(4n + 3)}\] 


1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ... + n (n + 1) = \[\frac{n(n + 1)(n + 2)}{3}\]

 

a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + ... (a + (n − 1) d) = \[\frac{n}{2}\left[ 2a + (n - 1)d \right]\]

 


n(n + 1) (n + 5) is a multiple of 3 for all n ∈ N.

 

\[\frac{n^7}{7} + \frac{n^5}{5} + \frac{n^3}{3} + \frac{n^2}{2} - \frac{37}{210}n\] is a positive integer for all n ∈ N.  

 


\[\frac{(2n)!}{2^{2n} (n! )^2} \leq \frac{1}{\sqrt{3n + 1}}\]  for all n ∈ N .


Prove that the number of subsets of a set containing n distinct elements is 2n, for all n \[\in\] N .

 

\[\text{ Using principle of mathematical induction, prove that } \sqrt{n} < \frac{1}{\sqrt{1}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}} + . . . + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}} \text{ for all natural numbers } n \geq 2 .\]

 


Prove by method of induction, for all n ∈ N:

3 + 7 + 11 + ..... + to n terms = n(2n+1)


Prove by method of induction, for all n ∈ N:

(23n − 1) is divisible by 7


Answer the following:

Prove by method of induction

`[(3, -4),(1, -1)]^"n" = [(2"n" + 1, -4"n"),("n", -2"n" + 1)], ∀  "n" ∈ "N"`


Prove statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction for all n ∈ N, that:

1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2n – 1) = n2 


Prove statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction for all n ∈ N, that:

`(1 - 1/2^2).(1 - 1/3^2)...(1 - 1/n^2) = (n + 1)/(2n)`, for all natural numbers, n ≥ 2. 


Prove statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction for all n ∈ N, that:

22n – 1 is divisible by 3.


Prove statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction for all n ∈ N, that:

2n + 1 < 2n, for all natual numbers n ≥ 3.


Show by the Principle of Mathematical Induction that the sum Sn of the n term of the series 12 + 2 × 22 + 32 + 2 × 42 + 52 + 2 × 62 ... is given by

Sn = `{{:((n(n + 1)^2)/2",",  "if n is even"),((n^2(n + 1))/2",",  "if n is odd"):}`


A student was asked to prove a statement P(n) by induction. He proved that P(k + 1) is true whenever P(k) is true for all k > 5 ∈ N and also that P(5) is true. On the basis of this he could conclude that P(n) is true ______.


State whether the following proof (by mathematical induction) is true or false for the statement.

P(n): 12 + 22 + ... + n2 = `(n(n + 1) (2n + 1))/6`

Proof By the Principle of Mathematical induction, P(n) is true for n = 1,

12 = 1 = `(1(1 + 1)(2*1 + 1))/6`. Again for some k ≥ 1, k2 = `(k(k + 1)(2k + 1))/6`. Now we prove that

(k + 1)2 = `((k + 1)((k + 1) + 1)(2(k + 1) + 1))/6`


Give an example of a statement P(n) which is true for all n ≥ 4 but P(1), P(2) and P(3) are not true. Justify your answer


Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

4n – 1 is divisible by 3, for each natural number n.


Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

n3 – n is divisible by 6, for each natural number n ≥ 2.


Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

`sqrt(n) < 1/sqrt(1) + 1/sqrt(2) + ... + 1/sqrt(n)`, for all natural numbers n ≥ 2.


Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

1 + 2 + 22 + ... + 2n = 2n+1 – 1 for all natural numbers n.


Prove the statement by using the Principle of Mathematical Induction:

1 + 5 + 9 + ... + (4n – 3) = n(2n – 1) for all natural numbers n.


A sequence a1, a2, a3 ... is defined by letting a1 = 3 and ak = 7ak – 1 for all natural numbers k ≥ 2. Show that an = 3.7n–1 for all natural numbers.


A sequence b0, b1, b2 ... is defined by letting b0 = 5 and bk = 4 + bk – 1 for all natural numbers k. Show that bn = 5 + 4n for all natural number n using mathematical induction.


A sequence d1, d2, d3 ... is defined by letting d1 = 2 and dk = `(d_(k - 1))/"k"` for all natural numbers, k ≥ 2. Show that dn = `2/(n!)` for all n ∈ N.


Prove that, cosθ cos2θ cos22θ ... cos2n–1θ = `(sin 2^n theta)/(2^n sin theta)`, for all n ∈ N.


State whether the following statement is true or false. Justify.

Let P(n) be a statement and let P(k) ⇒ P(k + 1), for some natural number k, then P(n) is true for all n ∈ N.


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×