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प्रश्न
In Units 1 and 2 you learnt and practised the skill of deducing the meanings of new words by using other words in the given context. Now use that skill to deduce the meanings of words in the article you have read. Here is an example.
(a) They are solitary creatures with the exception of the mothers and calves and breeding pairs, although they sometimes congregate at bathing places.
Deduce the meanings of the following words from the passage you have just read, using other words in the context to help you. Copy and complete the following :
| Word | Words/clues that helped me | what I think the word means | what the dictionary says | were you (✓) (tick mark) or (x) |
| confined | ||||
| ranged | ||||
| overlapping | ||||
| bobbing | ||||
| olfactory | ||||
| aggregation | ||||
| plummeting | ||||
| mortality | ||||
| vulnerable | ||||
| poached |
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उत्तर
| Word | Words/clues that helped me | what I think the word means | what the dictionary says | were you (✓) (tick mark) or (x) |
| confined | To tall grasslands and forests in the foothills of Himalayas | Found only in the given area | Limited or restricted | ✓ |
| ranged | Throughout the entire stretch | Found in the given area | the region over which a population or species is distributed. | ✓ |
| overlapping | None | To cover the next part | to lap over (something else or each other); extend over and cover a part of; imbricate. | X |
| bobbing | Waving or bobbing heads | Shaking heads | a short, jerky motion | / |
| olfactory | None | Related to | of or pertaining to the | X |
| aggregation | Often greets each other | Living with each other | a group of organisms of the same or different species living closely together but less integrated than a society. | ✓ |
| plummeting | Population had fallen to | Declining | To decline suddenly and steeply | ✓ |
| mortality | None | Death | the relative frequency of deaths in a specific population; death rate. | X |
| vulnerable | Unguarded calves | Can be killed easily | open to assault; difficult to defend | ✓ |
| poached | None | Killed or caught | to trespass, esp. on another’s game preserve, in order to steal animals or to hunt. | X |
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Why did the women at the temple discuss the latest episode of ‘Kashi Yatre’?
Answer the following question briefly:
Describe Corporal Turnbull.
Answer the following question briefly:
How did Private Quelch manage to anger the Corporal?
Answer the following question briefly.
One day last summer the author was travelling to Pittsburg by chair car. What does he say about his co-passengers?
(a) Listen to a recording of the poem.
(b) What choice did the poet have to make?
(c) Did he regret his choice? Why/why not?
Read the following extract and answer the questions that follow by choosing the
correct options.
She sent little Jean to Monseigneur to ask for help.
(a) Who sent little Jean to the Bishop?
(i) Mere Gringoire
(ii) Marie
(iii) Persome
(iv) Marie's mother
(b) Why did she send Jean to the Bishop?
(i) so that he could pray for her.
(ii) as she knew that he was a generous person.
(iii) as she was a greedy woman.
(iv) as she was a poor woman.
Simple Past and Past Continuous
There was a burglary in your neighbourhood. You saw something suspicious.
Tell the police officer all about it by filling in the blanks choosing the correct
forms of the words from the options given below.
It (a) was raining last night. I (b) _________ TV. I (c) _________ a little restless. I (d) _________ to the window and was looking out when I (e) _________ that Mr Sharma, my neighbour (f) _________ near the door. I thought he had gone to shut it. I also (g) _________ Mrs Sharma walking up and down in her garden. Then I heard Mr Sharma calling his wife to come in. I (h) _________ back to my table and opened my book. I (i) _________ when I heard a thud and a scream. I (j) _________ out of the house and saw a man in a black coat and hat running towards the gate. Mr and Mrs Sharma (k) _________ in the street. I saw a car speeding away with the burglar.
(a) (i) raining (ii) was raining (iii) were raining (iv) rained
(b) (i) were watching (ii) watched (iii) was watching (iv) watching
(c) (i) has felt (ii) felt (iii) was feeling (iv) feel
(d) (i) had gone (ii) went (iii) was going (iv) gone
(e) (i) noticing (ii) was noticing (iii) were noticing (iv) noticed
(f) (i) stood (ii) were standing (iii) was standing (iv) were stood
(g) (i) seeing (ii) saw (iii) was seeing (iv) seen
(h) (i) had come (ii) was coming (iii) came (iv) were came
(i) (i) hadread (ii) was reading (iii) were reading (iv) read
m (i) rushed (ii) was rushing (iii) were rushed (iv) rushing
(k) (i) had screamed (ii) was screaming (iii) screamed (iv) were screaming
Read the following excerpts from newspapers on various environmental issues.
Ban the Bag
The Indus Valley Civilisation left beautifullycrafted pottery that speaks volumes of the advances its people made. After 3,000 years, if the ruins we leave behind are excavated, chances are only plastic bags would be dug up. It may sound like an exaggeration, but these bags are not biodegradable. Apart from causing emissions when these are manufactured, noxious fumes are released while these are being burnt or disposed off. So, be kind to Mother Earth the next time you go shopping for groceries, remember to carry a cloth bag with you.
What India Should Do
India has released the National Action Plan on Climate Change. Is it adequate? Is there more that the country can do? Here are some ways how we can make a difference.
(a) SOLAR MISSION
1) To promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generation .
2) To integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind. 
(b) ENERGY EFFICIENCY
1) To mitigate GHG through sector-specific and cross-cutting technology and fuel switch options.
2) To use more LNG and biomass fuels besides seeking tech transfer. 
(c) SUSTAINABLE HABITAT
1) To promote energy efficiency in the residential and commercial sectors through LPG use.
2) To manage municipal solid waste and urban public transport in a better way. 
(d) WATER MISSION
1) To promote efficient water use, augment supply in critical areas and ensure effective management of water resources.
2) To have better management of surface and groundwater,and conserve wetlands. 
(e) SUSTAINING HIMALAYAS
1) To enhance monitoring and conservation of the Himalayan ecosystems, empower local communities for management of ecological resources and promote sustainable tourism. 
(f) GREEN INDIA
1) To reduce fragmentation of forests, enhance public and private investments for plantation, upscale joint forestry management and promote conservation of biodiversity. Need to afforest degraded lands.
(g) SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE :
1) To focus on four crucial areas - dry land agriculture, risk management, access to information and promoting the use of biotechnology.
2) To develop drought and pest resistant varieties. 
On a cold winter night you hear a loud shrieking noise at repeated intervals. What might have caused this?
Write down your ideas using the pattern below.
| it |
might could must |
have been |
the owl hooting a ghost____________ |
The Environment in Danger
What do you think will happen to the following?
Choose four, and write one sentence about each using the modals below and/ or expressions from 10.
(a) The ozone layer
(b) The Taj Mahal
(c) The Maldives
(d) The rainforests
(e) Weather patterns
(f) Fossil fuels
(g) The Ganges delta
e.g. In my opinion, the hole in the ozone layer will grow bigger and more people will get skin cancer.
While you were away on holiday, your house was burgled. Write a letter to
your friend to tell him or her about it.
Use the underlined expressions in Column A above to help you. Include ...
1. how the burglar could have got in,
2. how he knew you had gone away, and
3. what you could have done to prevent the burglary.
Study the words given in the box below and complete the police report.
|
4 January, Wednesday |
The Passive in Tentative Statements
The passive is often used in tentative statements where the writer tries to be as neutral as possible.
| considered | to | be… | ||
| It | is | said | ||
| known | to | have been… | ||
| They | are | acknowledged believed regarded as… |
8.1
Look at the box below. Write tentative statements following the pattern in the table above.
On the basis of your reading of the extract, tick the most appropriate answer :
a. Tom's mind had drifted away because
• Becky Thatcher had stopped coming to school
• he no longer took an interest in war.
• the charm oflife was gone.
• he had put his hoop and his bat away.
b. Aunt Polly was concerned because:
• Tom was hanging around Becky Thatcher's father's house all night
• Tom no longer took an interest in anything
• she was infatuated with patent medicines
• she had a fever
c. She was filled with gratitude when she tested the new medicine as
• it was simply fire in a liquid form.
• her troubles were instantly at rest
• Tom's indifference was broken.
• Tom was responding well
d. 'Mending the health of a crack' means
• repairing a crack in the sitting-room floor
• looking after his health
• pouring the medicine into a crack in the sitting-room floor
• giving the medicine to the cat
Given alongside are the pictures of two boys - Shravan Kumar and Narendra Kumar. (They are not related.) Working with a partner, look at their pictures and predict how each boys lives. Write your answer in points .
| Shravan Kumar | Narendra Kumar |
Divide yourselves into groups and collect information on the use of computers from three students, each from classes VI, IX and XI. Compile and summarise your answers to the questions above in the following table
| Class | Name Girl/Boy | Hours per week | If you reduce your computer time , how will you spend your leisure time ? | Why do you like to spend time at the computer ? | |||
| At the computer | Studying at home | Internet | Leisure | ||||
As children of the world, you have a role in helping to solve the problems prevalent in society. In groups or four, prepare a short skit on any one problem and present it in front of the class.
20 years from now, one of your class-mates becomes a famous sport-star. You have been asked to write his/her biography. Collect the necessary biographical details. Use your imagination to create his / her achievements in the sport concerned, and write the biography. Remember to write it in chronological order of events, and use the simple past tense as far as possible.
Common Combinations using Prepositions
Link the words from the different columns to produce meaningful sentences. One has been completed as an example. If you wish, write out the correct sentences in your notebook.
Rearrange the following words and phrases to form meaningful sentences. The first one has been done for you as an example.
was/ about twenty / childhood / delight / years ago.
Childhood was a delight about twenty years ago.
(a) the leisure hours/of a child/ of the TV / today / are spent / in front
________________________________________________
(b) of most / now – a – days / the attitude / parents is / different
________________________________________________
(c) work and play / different things / they see / as / two
________________________________________________
(d) playing / feel / is a / waste of / they / time / that
________________________________________________
