Question

“In spite of significant development Indian agriculture suffers from certain problems.” Explain.

Answer 1

1. Dependence on Monsoons: A large portion of Indian agriculture is still rain-fed. Irregular and uncertain monsoons cause crop failures, especially in semi-arid and drought-prone areas.
2. Dependence on Monsoons: Only about one-third of the cultivated area is under assured irrigation. Many farmers still rely on traditional water sources or seasonal rainfall.
3. Small and Fragmented Land Holdings: Due to population pressure and inheritance laws, farms are small and fragmented. This makes mechanization difficult and leads to inefficient farming.
4. Low Use of Modern Inputs: Many farmers cannot afford HYV seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and machinery. Lack of awareness and poor extension services further limit technology adoption.