मराठी

If `A=[[0,-x],[X,0]],[[0,1],[1,0]]` and `X^2=-1,` Then Show that `(A+B)^2=A^2+B^2` - Mathematics

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प्रश्न

If `A=[[0,-x],[x,0]],[[0,1],[1,0]]` and `x^2=-1,` then  show that `(A+B)^2=A^2+B^2`

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उत्तर

Given:\[A = \begin{bmatrix}0 & - x \\ x & 0\end{bmatrix}, B = \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\] and x2 = −1

To show: (A + B)2 = A2 + B2

LHS:

\[A + B = \begin{bmatrix}0 & - x \\ x & 0\end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}0 + 0 & - x + 1 \\ x + 1 & 0 + 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}0 & - x + 1 \\ x + 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ \left( A + B \right)^2 = \begin{bmatrix}0 & - x + 1 \\ x + 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}0 & - x + 1 \\ x + 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}0 + \left( 1 - x \right)\left( 1 + x \right) & 0 + 0 \\ 0 + 0 & \left( x + 1 \right)\left( 1 - x \right) + 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}1 - x^2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 - x^2\end{bmatrix} . . . (1)\]

R. H. S

\[A = \begin{bmatrix}0 & - x \\ x & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ A^2 = \begin{bmatrix}0 & - x \\ x & 0\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}0 & - x \\ x & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}0 - x^2 & 0 + 0 \\ 0 + 0 & - x^2 + 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}- x^2 & 0 \\ 0 & - x^2\end{bmatrix} . . . (2)\]

\[\]

\[ B = \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ B^2 = \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}0 + 1 & 0 + 0 \\ 0 + 0 & 1 + 0\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1\end{bmatrix} . . . (3)\]

\[\]

\[Adding (2) and (3), we get\]

\[ A^2 + B^2 = \begin{bmatrix}- x^2 & 0 \\ 0 & - x^2\end{bmatrix} + \begin{bmatrix}1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1\end{bmatrix}\]

\[ = \begin{bmatrix}1 - x^2 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 - x^2\end{bmatrix} . . . (4)\]

Comparing (1) and (4), we get

(A + B)2 = A2 + B2

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पाठ 5: Algebra of Matrices - Exercise 5.3 [पृष्ठ ४५]

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आरडी शर्मा Mathematics [English] Class 12
पाठ 5 Algebra of Matrices
Exercise 5.3 | Q 51 | पृष्ठ ४५
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