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प्रश्न
Explain the following term with a suitable example:
Cationic detergents
Define the following:
Cationic detergents
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उत्तर १
Cationic detergents are quaternary ammonium salts of acetates, chlorides, or bromides. These are called cationic detergents because the cationic part of these detergents contains a long hydrocarbon chain and a positive charge on the N atom.
For example: Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
\[\begin{bmatrix}
\phantom{..........}\ce{CH3}\\
\phantom{........}|\\
\ce{CH3(CH2)15 - N - CH3}\\
\phantom{........}|\\
\phantom{..........}\ce{CH3}
\end{bmatrix}^+ \text{Br}^-\]
उत्तर २
Cationic detergents are quarternary ammonium salts of amines with acetates, chlorides or bromides as anions. Cationic part possess a long hydrocarbon chain and a positive charge on nitrogen atom. Therefore, these are called cationic detergents.
Example: Cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
संबंधित प्रश्न
How are synthetic detergents better than soap?
If water contains dissolved calcium hydrogen carbonate, out of soaps and synthetic detergents which one will you use for cleaning clothes?
Label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts in the following compounds.
`CH_3(CH_2)_16COO(CH_2CH_2O)_nCH_2CH_2OH`
What type of detergents are used in toothpaste?
Which of the following are anionic detergents?
(i) Sodium salts of sulphonated long-chain alcohol.
(ii) Ester of stearic acid and polyethylene glycol.
(iii) Quarternary ammonium salt of amine with acetate ion.
(iv) Sodium salts of sulphonated long-chain hydrocarbons.
Dishwashing soaps are synthetic detergents. What is their chemical nature?
Draw the diagram showing micelle formation by the following detergent.
\[\ce{CH3(CH2)10CH2OS\overset{-}{O}3\overset{+}{N}a}\]
Match structures given in Column I with the type of detergents given in Column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (i) \[\ce{CH3(CH2)16COO(CH2CH2O) nCH2CH2OH}\] | (a) Cationic detergent |
| (ii) \[\ce{C17H35COO- Na+}\] | (b) Anionic detergent |
| (iii) \[\ce{CH3-(CH2)10CH2SO3- Na+}\] | (c) Nonionic detergent |
|
(iv) |
(d) Soap |
Synthetic detergents have advantage over usual soaps as far as cleansing power is concerned. But use of synthetic detergents over a long time creates environmental pollution. How can the pollution caused by synthetic detergents be minimised? Classify the detergents according to their chemical nature.
Explain the following term with suitable example.
Cationic detergents
Define the following:
Cationic detergents
Explain the following term with suitable examples.
cationic detergents
Explain the following term with suitable example.
Cationic detergents
Explain the following term with suitable example:
cationic detergents
