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प्रश्न
Explain Markow nikoff’s rule with suitable example.
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उत्तर
“When an unsymmetrical alkene reacts with hydrogen halide, the hydrogen adds to the carbon that has more number of hydrogen and halogen add to the carbon having fewer hydrogen”. This rule can also be stated as in the addition reaction of alkene/alkyne, the most electro negative part of the reagent adds on to the least hydrogen attached doubly bonded carbon.
Addition of water: (Hydration of alkenes)
Normally, water does not react with alkenes. In the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid, alkenes react with water to form alcohols. This reaction follows carbocation mechanism and Markovnikoff’s rule.
\[\begin{array}{cc}\phantom{...........................}\ce{OH}\\
\phantom{.........................}|\\
\ce{CH3 - C = CH2 ->[H+/H2O] CH3 - C - CH3}\\|\phantom{........................}|\\
\phantom{...}\ce{\underset{\text{2-methylpropene}}{CH3}}\phantom{.............}\ce{\underset{\text{2-methyl-2-proponal}}{CH3}}
\end{array}\]
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
Read the following reaction and answer the questions given below.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{..............................}\ce{CH3}\\\phantom{...........................}|\\\ce{CH3 - C = CH2 + HBr ->[benzoyl][peroxide] CH3 - CH - CH2Br}\\
|\phantom{....................................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................................}\end{array}\]
- Write the IUPAC name of the product.
- State the rule that governs the formation of this product.
The compound that will react most readily with gaseous bromine has the formula (NEET) ______.
An alkyl halide with molecular formula C6H13Br on dehydro halogenation gave two isomeric alkenes X and Y with molecular formula C6H12. On reductive ozonolysis, X and Y gave four compounds CH3COCH3, CH3CHO, CH3CH, CHO and (CH3)2 CHCHO. Find the alkyl halide.
Complete the following:
\[\ce{2 - butyne ->[Lindlar Catalyst]}\]
Read the following reaction and answer the questions given below.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - C = CH2 + HBr ->[benzoyl][peroxide] CH3}\\
\phantom{.....}|\phantom{........................}|\phantom{}\\
\phantom{.................}\ce{CH3}\phantom{..............}\ce{CH3 - CH\ - CH2Br}\phantom{}\
\end{array}\]
a. Write the IUPAC name of the product.
b. State the rule that governs the formation of this product.
Acetone and acetaldehyde are the ozonolysis products of an alkene. Write the structural formula of an alkene and give IUPAC name of it.
What is the action of following on but-2-ene?
dil alkaline \[\ce{KMnO4}\]
What is the action of following on but-2-ene ?
dil. alkaline \[\ce{KMnO4}\]
Acetone and acetaldehyde are the ozonolysis products of an alkene. Write the structural formula of an alkene and give IUPAC name of it.
Read the following reaction and answer the questions given below.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{...............................}\ce{CH3}\\
\phantom{............................}|\\
\ce{CH3 - C = CH2 + HBr ->[benzoyl][peroxide] CH3 - CH - CH_2Br}\\
|\phantom{....................................}\\
\ce{CH3}\phantom{.................................}
\end{array}\]
- Write IUPAC name of the product.
- State the rule that governs formation of this product.
