Question

Explain how Indian agriculture has changed from subsistence to commercial type of agriculture?

How has Indian agriculture transformed from subsistence to commercial farming?

Answer 1

Indian agriculture was mostly subsistence-based, where farmers grew crops mainly to feed their families. Over time, due to advancements in technology, market demand, and government support, it has shifted towards commercial agriculture, where crops are grown to sell in the market for profit.

Major Changes in Indian Agriculture

1. Purpose of Farming:

• • Earlier: Crops were grown just for family consumption.
  • Now: Farmers grow crops for selling in the market and earning income.

1. Types of Crops Grown:

• • Earlier: Focus was on food crops like rice, wheat, and pulses.
  • Now: Farmers are growing more cash crops like cotton, sugarcane, tea, coffee, fruits, and vegetables.

1. Use of Technology:

• • Modern tools like tractors, harvesters, HYV seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides are now widely used.
  • This has increased productivity and profit.

1. Irrigation and Infrastructure:

• • With better irrigation, farmers can grow crops throughout the year.
  • Improved transport and storage has helped farmers sell their produce in distant markets.