Question

During an initial session in therapy, Kiran shared that she was sad for some months after her grandmother passed away. She became irritable, easily fatigued and worried excessively for no good reason. She felt anxious and distressed in all types of situations. The therapist felt that this was triggered by Kiran’s insecure attachment which was linked to her childhood relationship with her parents. It was her grandmother who filled the void in her life.

1. Identify the psychological disorder in Kiran.  [1]
2. Briefly explain any three causes of this psychological disorder.  [3]

Answer 1

(a) Kiran is likely experiencing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). GAD is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety that continues for at least six months. Common symptoms include irritation, weariness, restlessness, and excessive concern, often without an obvious cause.

(b) Three Causes of Generalised Anxiety Disorder: 

1. Early Attachment Issues: Kiran experienced unstable attachment with her parents, according to the therapist. Attachment theory suggests that inconsistent, unresponsive, or neglectful caring in early childhood can cause long-term instability and increase the risk of anxiety disorders later in life.
2. Loss of a Secure Emotional Figure: Kiran’s grandma served as an emotional anchor, filling the vacuum left by her parents. The passing of her grandma caused emotional discomfort, including sadness, loss, and anxiety.
3. Cognitive and Emotional Patterns: Kiran’s excessive concern “for no good reason” indicates maladaptive cognitive tendencies common in GAD patients. GAD can cause chronic tension and mental tiredness as individuals attempt to regulate their anxious thoughts and perceive circumstances as more frightening than they actually are.