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प्रश्न
Both temporary & permanent hardness in water can be removed by addition of washing soda. Give balanced equations for the same.
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उत्तर
Using washing soda, removal of:
(i) Temporary hardness
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washinng soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{temporary hardness}}{Ca(HCO3)2} -> CaCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washinng soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{temporary hardness}}{ Mg(HCO3)2} -> MgCO3↓ + 2NaHCO3}\]
(i) Permanent hardness
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washing soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{permanent hardness}}{CaSO4} ->Na2SO4 +\underset{\text{insoluable}}{CaCO3↓}}\]
\[\ce{\underset{\text{washing soda}}{Na2CO3} +\underset{\text{permanent hardness}}{MgCL2} -> \underset{\text{insoluable}}{MgCO3↓} + 2NaCl}\]
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संबंधित प्रश्न
What causes the temporary and permanent hardness of water?
Discuss the principle and method of softening of hard water by synthetic ion-exchange resins.
What do you understand by
Temporary hard water
What do you understand by
Permanent hard water
What are the causes for:
Temporary hardness
Name the substance which makes water temporarily hard
Name the substance which makes water permanently hard.
Explain with equation, what is noticed when permanent hard water is treated with
Slaked time
Using given sample of temporary and permanent hard water, soft water, ordinary soap, detergent and washing soda how would you remove temporary hardness from water without using a chemical compound?
Using given sample of temporary and permanent hard water, soft water, ordinary soap, detergent and washing soda how would you remove temporary hardness and permanent hardness from water using a chemical compound?
State what are synthetic detergents. Explain experimentally how you will determine the advantage of synthetic detergents over soap using a sample of hard water.
Name or state the following:
A substance added to remove both temporary and permanent hardness in water.
Soap lathers well in hard water.
Match the following.
| Universal solvent | Water pollutant |
| Hard water | Kills germs |
| Boiling | Ozonisation |
| Sterilization | Water |
| Sewage | Stomach ailments |
Give a reason for the following.
Hard water is not good for washing utensils.
What are the causes of temporary hardness and permanent hardness of water?
What is soft water?
