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प्रश्न
Are physical and chemical weathering processes independent of each other? If not, why? Explain with examples.
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उत्तर
No, physical and chemical weathering are not independent of each other. They are different but still interdependent. Physical or mechanical weathering processes depend on some applied forces.
The applied forces could be:
- gravitational forces such as overburden pressure, load and shearing stress;
- expansion forces due to temperature changes, crystal growth or animal activity;
- water pressures controlled by wetting and drying cycles.
Chemical weathering depends on a group of weathering processes viz; solution, carbonation, hydration, oxidation and reduction act on the rocks to decompose, dissolve or reduce them to a fine clastic state through chemical reactions by oxygen, surface and/or soil water and other acids. Water and air (oxygen and carbon dioxide) along with heat must be present to speed up all chemical reactions. Over and above the carbon dioxide present in the air, decomposition of plants and animals increases the quantity of carbon dioxide underground. These chemical reactions on various minerals are very much similar to the chemical reactions in a laboratory.
These forces are interdependent. For example availability of water and heat depends on physical factors while chemical reactions depend on availability of water and heat.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Complete the flowchart below.
Soil formation is an important benefit of weathering. How is it important for mankind?
Match the column
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Granular disintegration | (i) causes feldspar to become a powdery mass |
| 2. Oxidation | (ii) is common in deserts |
| 3. Carbonation | (iii) is the simplest form of chemical weathering |
| 4. Hydration | (iv) mainly affects limestone regions |
| 5. Solution | (v) results in the rusting of iron |
Distinguish between the following pair
Granular disintegration and exfoliation
Give geographical reason:
Human activities affect weathering.
Which is the most important effect of weathering?
Give a technical term for the following:
Expansion of minerals in rocks on coming into contact with rainwater.
Say whether the following is ‘True’ or ‘False’.
In dry climates mechanical weathering is dominant.
Say whether the following is ‘True’ or ‘False’.
Shear plane is the surface on which movement of a landslide takes place as a result of its breaking off.
Define weathering.
Distinguish between :
Loess and Alluvium.
Distinguish between the following:
Sheet erosion and gully erosion.
What do you understand by the following term:|
Humus
Rewrite the following sentence, choosing the right word from the options given below:
_______refers to the gradual disintegration and decomposition of rocks which lie exposed to the elements of weather.
Rewrite the following sentence, choosing the right word from the options given below:
_______soils are those which are undisturbed by erosion or deposition.
Define the following term briefly:
Soil texture
What are the various factors governing the formation of soil? Which one is the most important and why?
Distinguish between the following :
Erosion and Weathering.
What do you understand by the following term:
Landslide
What do you understand by the following term:
Soil texture
Account for the two types of weathering.
Describe how changes of temperature lead to weathering.
OR
How do changing temperature lead to weathering?
How does frost action cause weathering?
Give reasons for the following :
Farmers are encouraged to adopt soil conservation methods.
Explain the following terms.
Colloids
Give a geographical reason:
Slope is a major factor in mass wasting.
It is weathering that is responsible for bio-diversity on the earth. How?
