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प्रश्न
Answer the following question in your own words.
What is meant by ‘chromosome’?
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उत्तर
The structure in the nucleus of cells that carries the hereditary characteristics is called the chromosome. It is made up mainly of nucleic acids and proteins. During cell division chromosomes can be clearly seen under the compound microscope. ‘Genes’ which contain the information about hereditary characteristics in coded form are located on chromosomes. Each species has a specific number of chromosomes.
Each chromosome is made up of DNA and it appears dumbell-shaped midway during cell division. There is a constricted region on each chromosome. It is called the ‘Primary constriction’ or ‘Centromere’. This divides the chromosome into two parts. Each part is called an ‘arm’. The centromere has a specific position in each chromosome.
Organization of chromosome
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Choose the ODD one out from the following terms given and name the CATEGORY to which the others belong
Centrosome.Cell wall, Cell membrane, Large vacuoles
Give appropriate biological or technical terms for the following :
The condition in which a pair of chromosomes carries similar alleles of a particular character.
Match the events given in column A with the phase in mitotic cell division in column B.
| Column ‘A’ | Column ‘B’ | ||
| 1. | Chromosomes get arranged in a horizontal plane at the equator. |
a. | Anaphase |
| 2. | Daughter chromosomes move to the opposite poles of a spindle |
b. | Prophase |
| 3. | Chromosomes become visible as fine, long threads. |
c. | Telophase |
| 4. | Chromosomes lose their distinctiveness and gradually become transformed into a chromatin network. |
d. | Metaphase |
Humans have 46 chromosomes. Their sperms and eggs will have ______ chromosomes each.
State the difference between:
Chromosome and chromatid:
Expand the following biological abbreviations :
DNA
Choose the correct answer:
Chromosome is most coiled at (in mitosis) ________________
Mention the contribution of the scientist given below in the study of chromosome:
Waldeyer
Choose the correct answer:
Chromosomes are thin and thread like at __________
Why gametes have a haploid number of chromosomes?
Differentiate between
Chromatin and Chromosome.
Give Technical Terms
The stage when sister chromosomes separate from their paired condition.
Give Technical Terms
The stage at which synapsis in chromosomes to form bivalents.
Multiple Choice Question:
How many chromosomes are found in a cell of humans?
Give Reason:
The Law of independent assortment holds good for the gene pairs that occur in different pairs of chromosomes.
Nullisomy is represented by ______.
Explain the structure of a chromosome.
The sex of the newborn child is a matter of chance and neither of the parents may be considered responsible for it. What would be the possible fusion of gametes to determine the sex of the child?
In the human male, a sperm contains autosomes and ______.
