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प्रश्न
A heavily bleeding and bruised road accident victim was brought to a nursing home. The doctor immediately gave him an injection to protect him against a deadly disease.
- Write what did the doctor inject into the patient’s body.
- How do you think this injection would protect the patient against the disease?
- Name the disease against which this injection was given and the kind of immunity it provides.
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उत्तर
- The doctor injected the antitoxin serum, specifically human tetanus immunoglobulin injection, into the patient’s body.
- This injection contains preformed antibodies against the tetanus toxin. Since these antibodies are already prepared in the serum, they provide immediate protection by neutralizing the toxin produced by the tetanus-causing bacteria, preventing the disease from developing.
- The disease against which this injection was given is tetanus (also known as lockjaw), caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. The injection provides artificial passive immunity to the patient because it involves the direct transfer of antibodies, rather than the patient's body producing them after exposure to an antigen.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
It is generally observed that the children who had suffered from chicken–pox in their childhood may not contract the same disease in their adulthood. Explain giving reasons the basics of such immunity in an individual. Name this kind of immunity.
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Describe the antigen-antibody complex
Name the following:
The vaccine that helps to produce immunity against polio.
Write the full forms of AIDS.
Write the full forms of: BCG
Write the full forms of: DPT vaccine
Differentiate between: Innate immunity and acquired immunity
Write the full forms of: HIV
Write the full forms of: STD
Mention one application for the following:
Cytokinin-barrier
Both B-cells and T-cells are derived from __________.
State the significance of mother’s milk to a newborn.
Explain the various types of acquired immunity.
____________ are previously sensitized cells which retain the sensitization memory for a long time in the future.
Macrophages coat bacteria to facilitate their subsequent phagocytosis. This process is known as ____________.
Which type of immunity is acquired by antigenic stimulus?
Match column I with column II and choose the correct option.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Specificity | a. | Lymphocytes produced against each particular foreign molecule |
| ii. | Diversity | b. | Self-cells are not attacked by immune system of the own body |
| iii. | Memory | c. | Immune system works against multiple pathogens |
| iv. | Discrimination between self and non-self | d. | Stronger immune response on second encounter |
