Three types of Emergency:
- National/General Emergency (Art. 352)
- President’s Rule / State Emergency (Art. 356)
- Financial Emergency (Art. 360)
National Emergency:
- Declared during war, external aggression or armed rebellion.
- Fundamental Rights (except Articles 20 & 21) can be suspended and Centre gets full control over States.
President’s Rule (State Emergency):
- Declared when a State cannot be governed as per the Constitution.
- State government is suspended and Parliament governs the State.
Financial Emergency:
- Declared when financial stability of the country is threatened.
- Salaries may be reduced and Centre controls State finances.
Approval & Duration:
- All Emergencies require Parliamentary approval and are temporary in nature.
