- Urban land use includes areas for residential, industrial, commercial, institutional, recreational, and transportation purposes.
- Residential areas are used for housing, while industrial areas are used for manufacturing activities.
- Commercial areas are business centres, often located in the Central Business District (CBD).
- Plot layouts and mixed land use develop due to increasing population and urban expansion.
- Land cover means physical surface (forest, water, etc.), while land use means how people use the land.
Topics
Population : Part - 1
- Distribution of Population in India
- Patterns of Population Distribution in the World
- Geographical Factors Affecting Population Distribution
- Geographical Factors Affecting Population Distribution - Physical Factors
- Geographical Factors Affecting Population Distribution - Human Factors
- Components of Population Change
- Trends in Population Growth
- Overview of Population : Part - 1
Population : Part - 2
- Population Composition
- Migration
- Reasons for Migration
- Impact of Migration on Population
- Overview of Population : Part - 2
Human Settlements and Land Use
- Human Settlements
- Types of Settlement
- Types of Urban Settlements
- Land Use
- Land Use Classification
- Land Use in Rural Area
- Land Use in Urban Areas
- Rural-urban Fringe
- Suburbs
- Overview of Human Settlements and Land Use
Primary Economic Activities
- Primary Occupations
- Hunting
- Gathering
- Lumbering
- Fishing
- Mining
- Agriculture
- Overview of Primary Economic Activities
Secondary Economic Activities
- Introduction to Secondary Activities
- Physical Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Economic Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Political Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Other Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Footloose Industries
- Major Industrial Regions
- Major Industrial Regions
- Classification of Industries
- Overview of Secondary Economic Activities
Tertiary Economic Activities
- Classification of Tertiary Economic Activities
- Transport
- Concept of Trade
- Importance of Transport in Trade
- Tourism
- Communication
- Overview of Tertiary Economic Activities
Region and Regional Development
- Regions
- Types of Regions
- Regional Development
- Factors Affecting Regional Development
- Physical Factors and Regional Development
- Population and Regional Development
- Land Use and Regional Development
- Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Economic Activities and Regional Development
- Regional Imbalance
- Causes of Regional Imbalances in India
- Strategies to Reduce Regional Imbalance
- Overview of Region and Regional Development
Geography : Nature and Scope
- Nature of Geography as a Discipline
- Scope of Geography
- Latest Trends in Geography
- Overview of Geography : Nature and Scope
Estimated time: 19 minutes
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Definition: Settlement
Due to the social needs, many people come together at a particular place and construct houses in a particular way, which is known as settlement.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Human Settlements
- A settlement is a place where people live together and build houses to carry out economic activities.
- Human settlements can range from a single house to a large city.
- Settlements develop due to the interaction between humans and the environment.
- Physical factors like relief, climate, soil, and water supply influence the location and type of settlements.
- Social factors, such as the need for security, can lead to the development of nucleated (clustered) settlements
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Types of Settlement
- Settlements vary in size from small hamlets to large metropolitan cities.
- On the basis of spacing between houses, settlements are of four types: compact, semi-clustered, dispersed, and isolated.
- Compact (nucleated) settlements have houses close together, while dispersed settlements have houses far apart.
- ‘Type’ means category with common features, while ‘pattern’ refers to the spatial arrangement of settlements.
- On the basis of functions, settlements are divided into rural and urban.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Land Use Classification
- Rural land use mainly revolves around agriculture, unlike urban land use.
- Land is classified into categories like forests, non-agricultural uses, and barren/wastelands.
- Pastures and grazing lands are mostly owned by the government or village Panchayat.
- Fallow land is land left uncultivated for a short or long period to regain fertility.
- Net sown area refers to the actual land where crops are grown and harvested.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Land use in Urban Areas
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Definition: Rural-Urban Fringe
The area between urban and rural area is called urban- rural fringe.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Rural-Urban Fringe
- Rural–Urban Fringe is the area between rural and urban regions.
- It has mixed features of both rural and urban areas.
- It develops due to urban sprawl, when cities expand outward.
- Land use in this area includes residential, industrial, and agricultural activities.
- Beyond the urban fringe lies the rural fringe, which is mainly villages slightly affected by urbanisation.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Suburbs
- Suburbs are small towns or cities located outside a main metropolitan city.
- Suburbs develop due to the growth and expansion of the main city.
- Examples include Kalyan and Virar (Mumbai) and Wakad and Hinjawadi (Pune).
- Land use changes over time, such as wasteland converting into industrial areas.
- Urban growth leads to an increase in built-up areas and development along roads, while some recreational areas may decrease.
