CBSE solutions for इंग्लिश वर्कबुक कक्षा १० chapter 11 - Modals - Expressing Attitudes (Integrated Grammar practice 6) [Latest edition]

Now complete the following dialogues using only one word for each blank on the basis of the pictures given above.

a)      Manav: Suma is playing the violin very well.

        Priya Yes; _________you play any musical instrument?

          Manav: I ________. But I have learnt vocal music.

b)  Peter : It's suddenly become dark.

 Nandiya : Yes; Thick clouds have gathered in the sky. It

                    _______ rain this evening.

c)  Abdullah : Ma'm , I'm a little late.

                     ________I enter the class?

   Teacher :  You _________I'm afraid late coming has become a habit with you.    

d) Father : Take this. You_______ not forget to wear your helmet while riding your motorbike.

        Son : Thanks, Dad. I forgot to pick it up.

The words that you have used to fill in the blanks denote certain attitudes and functions. Match column (A) with column (B) for the dialogues that you have completed.

Given below are some dialogues. Circle the modals and underline the main verbs in the italicised portions of the dialogues :-

a) A: Raju has fractured his arm.
B: But still he can write.

b) A: I have still some shopping to do. May I leave my bag in your store?
B: Yes, but please collect it before 8.00 pm.

c) A: The coffee is rather bitter. Would you please pass some sugar?
B: No, you must not take any sugar.
Have you forgotten your doctor's advice?

d) A: I'll not be able to finish my assignment in time.
B: Shall I do the drawings for you?

e) A: Jamilahasn'tcomeyet. It'salreadyverylate.
B: She may come tomorrow.

f) A: Someone is knocking on the door.
B: I'll open it- it'll be the maid.

g) A: My feet get swollen in the evening.
B: Then you must consult a doctor.

Match the highlighted portions or the dialogues with the attitudes and functions denoted by the modals used in them.

Dialogue                                                   Attitudes and functions
a) ...... he can write                                     offering (help)
b) ....... would you please pass .... .              necessity
c) ........ you must not ......... .                         requesting
d) shall I do .......... .                                      asking for permission
e) she may come ......... .                               advising
f) ....... It'll be the maid.                                logical deduction
g) ........ you must consult ....... .                     ability
h) May I leave ............. .                                  possibility

Look at the following sentences:
a) He needn't come to office tomorrow.
b) He needed permission to take a day off.

What is the difference in the use of 'need' between the above sentences?
• In sentence (a) 'need' is used as a _____ verb because ______
• In sentence (b) 'need' is used as a _____ verb because ______

Complete the following conversation choosing the most appropriate option from those given in the box. There can be more than one option for some of the blanks.

Gautam : I heard that Rahim (1) ______ open a garment shop, though he is a  little uncertain.

Sheela   : He (2)_______ not plunge into another business proposition;   (3) _______ forget the colossal failure of his last business venture.

Gautam : You (4)________ not have any worry on that count. He (5)________   not be investing any money. His uncle is providing the capital and  he said that Rahim (6)______ be a working partner.

Sheela : In that case, I suppose, he (7)_______ go ahead. I remember how    Rahim's father (8) ______ sit for hours worrying about his son's  future.

Gautam : True. Now that Rahim has learnt his lesson, he (9) ______ be able  to  live upto the expectations of his father.

Sheela : Whatever you say. Rahim (10) _________ have his own way. He is that way a little obstinate. we (11) _______ only hope that  everything  turns out well.

Look at the picture. What do you think is happening? Discuss in small groups. Use the modals given in the box.

Indira and Mary are discussing their holiday plans. Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks by using suitable modals.

Indira : I'm so thrilled the exams are over.
            Let's go to the North-East this time.
Mary    : Yes. I'd love that. Where exactly do you want to go?
Indira   : I'd like to go to Cherapunji.
Mary    : That's hardly the place to go to. You see, it________ raining
there, especially at this time of the year. Let's go to Shillong instead.
Indira   : Why Shillong?
Mary    : Indira, I've lived in that place. You'll love it and the weather _______
really perlect now.
Indira    : Okay, it's Shillong then. But tell me, do I need to carry woollens?
Mary     : Not really. It's quite pleasant, but the nights ________ chilly, so bring a sweater.
Indira    : And what about getting there?
Mary     : Well ....... you could fly to Juwahah, and then you can catch a bus to
Shillong.
Indira    : How far is Shillong?
Mary     : It ________ about 80 kilometres. It a three hour ___________ drive by taxi.

'Can' and 'Could' also denote ability. Rewrite the following sentences as shown in the example using 'Can' or 'Could'.

Example: Parents who are able to support their children should not apply for scholarship. Parents who can support their children should not apply for scholarship.

a) After proper investigation, the police were able to nail the culprit.

________________________
b) After the examinations, I shall be able to go home for a week.

________________________
c) In spite of the sincere efforts of the coach, the team is not able to win a single trophy.

________________________

Have you noticed that 'can' is used to denote ability in the present and future and 'could' is used to denote ability in the past? However, remember that 'could' refers to past time only when the context makes the time clear.

Read the following report or a school cricket match and underline all the modals and the verbs accompanying them. Underline the modals red and the verbs green.

Our school cricket team is practicing really hard for the zonal matches. I have no doubt that we will beat the local teams vecy easily, but when it comes to the outside teams, I am not as confident. Our boys must work vecy hard. Perhaps they could do some yoga exercises to improve their concentration. They need not worcy about their fitness at this stage, but they should follow a strict routine.
Last year they had to struggle to reach the finals. The draw might have been a little unfavourable to them but they shouldn't have neglected their fielding. This landed them in trouble in the quarter finals. This year our team should tcy and do better in the field. We lost the finals last year mainly because of floored catches! A casual approach to this aspect must have been the cause of our failure at the crucial stage. So our team ought to improve its fielding and get its batting to click

You will have noticed in Cl that modals are used with a main verb to refer to the past, present or future. In pairs, look at the modals you have underlined and complete the table below. You may have noticed sometimes that the same modal is used to refer to the present as well as the future.

Mr. Mehta and family decide to drive down to Goa for a holiday. On their way their car develops some problem. Given below is a conversation among the Mehta family members. Read the conversation and complete the conversation using suitable modals from the ones given in the box.
Note: Sometimes there could be more than one correct answer. You may also have to use some of the modals in the boz: more than once.

Mrs Mehta   : What is the matter? Why have you stopped?
Mr Mehta     : The car is giving some trouble.I have a feeling something is
                    wrong with the engine. Let me check.

Mrs Mehta    : Do you think we ____ run out of petrol?

Mr. Mehta    : No, we _____run out of petrol. I got the tank filled before starting.

Mrs Mehta   : If there is a technical fault, do you thinkyou ____be able to fix it?

Mr. Mehta    : Let me first check what is wrong.

Dinu : Dad, look there's smoke coming out . The _____become too hot.

Mr Mehta    : Dinu, be careful. Don't take the cap off the radiator. You ______
not dothat. You getboilingwateralloveryou.

Mrs Mehta  : Yes, Dinu, we ______have to wait till the engine cools down.

Dinu            : And how long do you think it________ take for that ?

MrMehta     :  I'm not sure. We have to wait for about fifteen minutes.

Dinu            : Dad, I saw a garage about half a mile back. I suppose we                             ____ ask them to fix the problem.

MrMehta     : You____ worry . The car____ be all right . I got it serviced before starting. I am sure it's just got too hot. Let's wait and allow the engine to cool a bit.

Dinu            : Mom, I am feeling hungry. I have something to eat? Mrs Mehta         : There are some sandwiches in the car. You have them.

Respond to the following situations by writing one sentence using might have, must have, should have, could have or ought to have. The first one has been done as an example.

1. Amber was certain that he would be here today, but he hasn't come yet (miss, flight) 

Response : He must have missed his flight; nothing else would have held him up.

2. I was asked to be here for ameetingat 10.00 today. It's already 10.30 and only a few of us are present. (meeting, cancel}

Response : The meeting _____________' but you'd better wait for another half an hour.

3. They say they definitely sent the appointment letter by post, but it never
arrived. (send fax message) 

Response:They _____________________ instead.

4. The Municiplality did not bother about keeping the locality clean. When the epidemic broke out, it claimed many lives. (take precautions, prevent epidemic) 

Response: The Municipality __________________

5. The Principal is not in her office. She probably had some urgent work at home. (go, home)

Response : She ________________________

6. Asha wasn't really a big hit as the heroine of the play. The director needn't have limited his choice to Class XII sutdents alone. (try, some of the XI class students)

Response : He _______________________

Complete the following paragraph on a school sport meeting by ruling in the blanks with could not have, might not have, should not have or would not have.

At this year's sports meeting, many records were broken but the reigning sports champion, Ravi, surprisingly could not make it to the finals in any of his favourite events. Perhaps he_______ missed so many of his practice sessions. His coach tends to think that he __________ had the time to get fit enough because of his special classes in the evenings. Even if he had tried, he_________beaten Ramu, who was much better prepared. If it had not been for Ramu, our school___________ gained a place in the draw of the inter school tournament.

Anant has retumed from an interview. Read the dialogue, that takes place between Anant and his father. In pairs, ml in the blanks using any suitable modals. To help you, the number of words you need to use is given in brackets.

Father  :   Well, Anant, how was the interview ?

Anant  :   Father, it was a real nightmare. Just about everything went wrong. I was late. I didn't have the required papers and the GK questions ........ !

Father   : Really I Anant, please don't think I'm lecturing you, but I'd like to say something about how you ________(2) handled the whole business better.

Anant   : Father, I wish you ________ (2) say that. You ______ (2) seen the amount of effort I put in.

Father  : Well .... I have my doubts about that. First, let's take up this business about being late.

Anant : Please remember I only got six days' notice.

Father : No, my dear, it was more than that. Ifl'm not mistaken, you got the interview call on Saturday itself. Ifl'd been you, I______ (2) begun my preparation on Saturday itself. Honestly you (3) gone off on that weekend trip.

Anant  : Father you know I'd been planning to go on that trip for ages.

Father : Well ..... if you had stayed home you _______ (2) made a list of the papers required and filed them systematically.

Anant : Yes, perhaps you're right, but father- those GK questions .... ?

Father : What about them? Haven't you been reading the papers regularly?

Anant: Yes of course. But those questions were so outdated. I ______ (3)

answered them even if I had read the paper every single day for the past 10 years.
Father : Anant, there is no point complaining now. You _______ (1)/ (2) be
prepared to be more alert about these things.

Read the following letter and choose the most suitable alternative from
those given. Underline your choice. Sometimes more than one alternative is suitable.

A Night at the Theatre - Role Play
Work in pairs. Below is a summay of a discussion between a parent and a child. Read through the notes and decide who will take which role. Then act out the role play. You will probably find that you sometimes need to use modals. Backgoround to role play

Role A - Daughter I Son

Yours exams start next week - behind with revision - want to go to theatre to see new play - with friend - his birthday - reduced tickets - good play - need rest from work- find it difficult to concentrate on work.

Role B - Father/ Mother
Disagree with daughter/ son - worried - won't do well in exam - don't want them to waste time - for own good -why not worked hard before - if had worked, could go out after exams.

• When you have finished, you and your partner should team up with another pair and write the dialogue. Then act it before the class.
• _________________________________
• _________________________________
• _________________________________

When you have finished, you and your partner should team up with another pair and write the dialogue. Then act it before the class.

The following paragraph has not been edited. There is an error in each of the lines indicated. Underline the error and write your correction in the space provided as shown.

(Adapted from The Great Indian Dream by Arindam Chaudhury)

Given below is a dialogue between two friends discussing their classmates. Complete their dialogue by filling in the spaces with appropriate options from those given below.

1. (i) on the field
   (ii) in the field
   (iii) at the field
   (iv) out of the field
2. (i) spent most of his time in the practice
   (ii) is spending most of his time practicing
   (iii) has been spending most of the time for practice
   (iv) has spent most of his time in practice
3. (i) have been absent for more than
   (ii) is being absent for more than
   (iii) has been absent for more than
   (iv) was absent for more than
4. (i) for found out why she had not been coming to school
   (ii) to find out why she is not come to school
   (iii) to finding out why she is not been coming to school
   (iv) for find out why she has not been coming to school

The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each of the lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in the space provided as given below.

Look at the newspaper item below. Then use the information in the headlines to complete the paragraphs.

Radiation reaches food chain in Japan

The Japanese government on Saturday confirmed that ______ as higher than normal levels of radioactive materials were found in spinach and milk at six farms in Ibaraki.

Look at the newspaper item below. Then use the information in the headline to complete the paragraph.

Pakistan mine blast death toll hits 45

______ Sunday’s methane gas explosions in a coal mine in Pakistan’s southwestern province of Baluchistan, government officials said, as hopes of finding any survivors from the disaster faded.

Look at the newspaper item below. Then use the information in the headline to complete the paragraph.

Four New York Times journalists released in Libya

Four New York Times journalists who had been held ______ and are expected to cross the border to Tunisia on Monday.

Look at the newspaper item below. Then use the information in the headlines to complete the paragraphs.

Rs 700 cr fine imposed on telecom firms: Govt.

Fines to the tune of Rs 700 crore ______ on various telecom operators for carrying out illegal and clandestine activities in their services, particularly for non-compliance of the subscriber verification process.

Given below are instructions for making Chocolate Pudding Cake. Complete the following paragraph which describes how Chocolate pudding cake is made. The first one is done as an example.

• Preheat oven to 350°F.
• Combine 1 cup flour, 2 tsp. baking powder, 1/4 tsp salt, 2 tbs. cocoa and 2/3 cup sugar in a mixing bowl.
• Add 3/4 cup milk, 1 tsp. vanilla extract and 2 tbs. melted butter.
• Beat with an electric mixer until smooth and pale in colour.
• Stir in1/3 cup walnuts.
• Pour batter into a buttered 8 inch square baking dish and set aside.
• Combine 1/2 cup dark brown sugar, 2 tsp. instant coffee, 1 cup water in a heavy saucepan. Cook over high heat stirring constantly until the mixture comes to a boil.
• Gently pour hot sauce over cake batter.
• Bake for 40 minutes
• Top with caramel.

The oven is preheated to 350 degree. Flour, baking powder, salt, sugar and cocoa (a) ______ in a mixing bowl. After adding milk, vanilla extract and melted butter, the mixture (b) ______ in colour. 1/3 cup of walnuts (c) ______. The batter (d) ______ a buttered baking dish and set aside. Brown sugar, coffee and water are combined in a heavy saucepan. The mixture is cooked over high heat till it starts boiling. Hot sauce is poured over the cake batter. It (e) ______ caramel before serving.

In the passage given below, one word has been omitted in each line. Write the missing word along with the word that comes before and the word that comes after it in your answer sheet against the correct blank number. Ensure that the word that forms your answer is underlined.

Twenty years ago, kids in school never even (a) ______

heard the internet. The internet is a vast resource (b) ______

for types of information. It is like a giant bulletin (c) ______

board that the whole world uses! But anyone can put (d) ______

anything the internet, you have to be careful. You must (e) ______

use your best judgment browsing it. And you (f) ______

can’t rely on what strangers you ‘meet’ the (g) ______

internet tell either. (h) ______