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Find out the name of the states where the highest peaks are located.

[2.2] Physical Features of India
Chapter: [2.2] Physical Features of India
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Find out location of Mussoorie, Nainital, Ranikhet from your atlas and also name the state where they are located.

[2.2] Physical Features of India
Chapter: [2.2] Physical Features of India
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Make two lists: one with the main events and the effects of the February Revolution and the other with the main events and effects of the October Revolution. Write a paragraph on who was involved in each, who were the leaders and what was the impact of each on Soviet history.

[1.2] Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
Chapter: [1.2] Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
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What were the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution?

[1.2] Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
Chapter: [1.2] Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
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What are the similarities between colonial management of the forests in Bastar and in Java?

[1.4] Forest Society and Colonialism
Chapter: [1.4] Forest Society and Colonialism
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Give reasons to explain why the Maasai community lost their grazing lands.

[1.5] Pastoralists in the Modern World
Chapter: [1.5] Pastoralists in the Modern World
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There are many similarities in the way in which the modern world forced changes in the lives of pastoral communities in India and East Africa. Write about any two examples of changes which were similar for Indian pastoralists and the Massai herders.

[1.5] Pastoralists in the Modern World
Chapter: [1.5] Pastoralists in the Modern World
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Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim have common frontiers with

[2.1] India - Size and Location
Chapter: [2.1] India - Size and Location
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My friend hails from a country which does not share land boundary with India. Identify the country. 

[2.1] India - Size and Location
Chapter: [2.1] India - Size and Location
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Which of these is not a good argument in favour of democracy? Why?
(a) People feel free and equal in a democracy
(b) Democracies resolve conflict in a better way than others
(c) Democratic government is more accountable to the people
(d) Democracies are more prosperous than others

[3.1] What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
Chapter: [3.1] What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
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Which of these is not a valid reason for arguing that there is a lesser possibility of famine in a democratic country?
(a) Opposition parties can draw attention to hunger and starvation.
(b) Free press can report suffering from famine in different parts of the country.
(c) Government fears its defeat in the next elections.
(d) People are free to believe in and practise any religion.

[3.1] What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
Chapter: [3.1] What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
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Write a response to the following arguments against democracy.
(a) Army is the most disciplined and corruption-free organisation in the country. Therefore army should rule the country.
(b) Rule of the majority means the rule of ignorant people. What we need is the rule of the wise, even if they are in small numbers.
(c) If we want religious leaders to guide us in spiritual matters, why not invite them to guide us in politics as well. The country should be ruled by religious leaders.

[3.1] What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
Chapter: [3.1] What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
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Which of these is a provision that a democratic constitution does not have?
(a) Powers of the head of the state
(b) Name of the head of the state
(c) Powers of the legislature
(d) Name of the country

[3.2] Constitutional Design
Chapter: [3.2] Constitutional Design
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Match the following leaders with their roles in the making of the Constitution:

(a) Motilal Nehru

(b) Β.R. Ambedkar

(c) Rajendra Prasad

(d) Sarojini Naidu

(i) President of the Constituent Assembly

(ii) Member of the Constituent Assembly

(iii) Chairman of the Drafting Committee

(iv) Prepared a Constitution for India in 1928

[3.2] Constitutional Design
Chapter: [3.2] Constitutional Design
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Read the following extract from a conduct book for ‘married women’, published in 1912. ‘God has made the female species delicate and fragile both physically and emotionally, pitiably incapable of self-defence. They are destined thus by God to remain in male protection − of father, husband and son − all their lives. Women should, therefore, not despair, but feel obliged that they can dedicate themselves to the service of men’. Do you think the values expressed in this para reflected the values underlying our constitution? Or does this go against the constitutional values?

[3.2] Constitutional Design
Chapter: [3.2] Constitutional Design
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Here are different opinions about what made India a democracy. How much importance would you give to each of these factors?
(a) Democracy in India is a gift of the British rulers. We received training to work with representative legislative institutions under the British rule.
(b) Freedom struggle challenged the colonial exploitation and denial of different freedoms to Indians. Free India could not be anything but democratic.
(c) We are lucky to have leaders who had democratic convictions. The denial of democracy in several other newly independent countries shows the important role of these leaders.

[3.2] Constitutional Design
Chapter: [3.2] Constitutional Design
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Read the following statements about a constitution. Give reasons if it is true or false.
The authority of the rules of the constitution is the same as that of any other law.

[3.2] Constitutional Design
Chapter: [3.2] Constitutional Design
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Read the following statements about a constitution. Give reasons if it is true or false.
Rights of citizens and limits on the power of the government are laid down in the constitution.

[3.2] Constitutional Design
Chapter: [3.2] Constitutional Design
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Match the following:

(a) It is necessary to keep the voters' list up to date because

(i) there is a fair representation of all sections of our society

(b) Some constituencies are reserved for SCs and STs so that

(ii) everyone has equal opportunity to elect their representatives

(c) Everyone has one and only one vote so that

(iii) all candidates must have a fair chance of competing in elections

(d) Party in power is not allowed to use government vehicles because

(iv) some people may have moved away from the area where they voted last

[3.3] Electoral Politics
Chapter: [3.3] Electoral Politics
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The table below gives the proportion of different communities among the candidates who won elections to the US Congress. Compare these to the proportion of these communities in the population of the US. Based on this, would you suggest a system of reservations in the US Congress? If yes, why and for which communities? If no, why not.

 

Proportion of the community (in per cent) in the

House of Representatives

Population of US

Blacks

8

13

Hispanics

5

13

Whites

86

70

[3.3] Electoral Politics
Chapter: [3.3] Electoral Politics
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