Commerce (English Medium) कक्षा १२ - CBSE Important Questions for Business Studies

Identify the factor affecting fixed capital requirements of Fashion-ate Pvt. Ltd.

Radhika and Vani who are young fashion designers left their job with a famous fashion designer chain to set-up a company 'Fashionate Pvt. Ltd.' They decided to run a boutique during the day and coaching classes for entrance examination of National Institute of Fashion Designing in the evening. For the coaching centre they hired the first floor of a nearby building. Their major expense was money spent on photocopying of notes for their students. They thought of buying a photocopier knowing fully that their scale of operations was not sufficient to make full use of the photocopier. In the basement of the building of 'Fashionate Pvt. Ltd.' Praveen and Ramesh were carrying on a printing and stationery business in the name on 'Neo Prints Pvt. Ltd.' Radhika approached Praveen with the proposal to buy a photocopier jointly which could be used by both of them without making separate investment. Praveen agreed to this. Identify the factor affecting fixed capital requirements of 'Fashionate Pvt. Ltd.'

Rizul Bhattacharya after leaving his job wanted to start a Private Limited Company with his son. His son was keen that the company may start manufacturing of Mobile-phones with some unique features. Rizul Bhattacharya felt that the mobile phones are prone to quick obsolescence and a heavy fixed capital investment would be reuired regularly in this business. Therefore he convinced his son to start a furniture business.

Identify the factor affecting fixed capital requirements which made Rizul Bhattacharya to choose furniture business over mobile phones.

Name & state the aspect of financial management that provides a link between investment and financing decisions.

‘Best Bulbs Pvt. Ltd. was manufacturing good quality LED bulbs and catering to local market. The current production of the company is 800 bulbs a day. Sumit, the marketing manager of the company surveyed the market and decided to supply the bulbs to five-star-hotels also. He anticipated the higher demand in future and decided to buy a sophisticated machine to further improve the quality and quantity of the bulbs produced.

Identify the factor affecting fixed capital requirements of the company.

Sakshi Ltd. is a company manufacturing electronic goods. It has a share capital ofRs 120 lakhs. The earning per share in the previous year wasRs 0.5. For diversification, the company requires additional capital ofRs 80 lakhs. The company raised funds by issuing 10% debentures for the same. During the current year the company earned profit ofRs 16 lakhs on capital employed. It paid tax @ 40%.

a. State whether the shareholders gained or lost in respect of earning per share on diversification. Show your calculations clearly.

b. Also state any three factors that favour the issue of debentures by the company as part of its capital structure.

Explain briefly any four factors that affect the working capital requirement of a company.

Ramnath Ltd. is dealing in import of organic food items in bulk. The company sells the items in smaller quantities in attractive packages. Performance of the company has been up to the expectations in the past. Keeping up with the latest packaging technology, the company decided to upgrade its machinery. For this, the Finance Manager of the company, Mr Vikrant Dhull, estimated the amount of funds required and the timings. This will help the company in linking the investment and the financing decisions on a continuous basis. Therefore, Mr Vikrant Dhull began with the preparation of a sales forecast for the next four years. He also collected the relevant data about the profit estimates in the coming years. By doing this, he wanted to be sure about the availability of funds from the internal sources.

For the remaining funds, he is trying to find out alternative sources. Identify the financial concept discussed in the above paragraph. Also, State any two Points of the importance of the financial concept, so identified.

What is meant by Trading on Equity?

'Indian Logistics' has its own warehousing arrangements at key locations across the country. Its warehousing services help business firms to reduce their overheads, increase efficiency and cut down distribution time.

A state with reason, whether the working capital requirements of 'Indian Logistics' will be high or low.

How does cost of equity affect the choice of capital structure of a company? Explain

'Mission Coach Ltd.' is a large and creditworthy company manufacturing coaches for Indian Railways. It now wants to export these coaches to other countries and decides to invest in
new hi-tech machines. Since the investment is large, it requires long-term finance. It decides to raise funds by issuing equity shares. The issue of equity shares involves huge floatation cost. To meet the expenses of floatation cost, the company decides to tap the money market.

1) Name and explain the money-market instrument the company can use for the above
purpose

2) What is the duration for which the company can get funds through this instrument?

3) State any other purpose for which this instrument can be used.

'Abhishek Ltd'. is manufacturing cotton clothes. It has been consistently earning good profits for many years. This year too, it has been able to generate enough profits. There is the availability of enough cash in the company and good prospects for growth in future. It is a well-managed organisation and believes in quality, equal employment opportunities and good remuneration practices. It has many shareholders who prefer to receive a regular income from their investments. It has taken a loan of Rs 50 lakhs from I.C.I.C.I. Bank and is bound by certain restrictions on the payment of dividend according to the terms of the loan agreement.
The above discussion about the company leads to various factors which decide how much
of the profits should be retained and how much has to be distributed by the company.
Quoting the lines from the above discussion, identify and explain any four such factors.

How do ‘Floatation costs’ affect the choice of capital structure of a company? State

‘Reliable Transport Services Ltd.’ specialises in transporting fruits and vegetables. It has a good reputation in the market as it delivers the fruits and vegetables at the right time and at the right place.
A state with reason whether the working capital requirements of ‘Reliable Transport Services’ will be high or low.

Vasvi was a student of Commerce in class XII. Her father was a farmer, who grew different varieties of wheat and was well versed about various aspects of wheat cultivation. He was also selected by the government for a pilot-project on wheat cultivation. As a project, she decided to study the feasibility of marketing good quality wheat at the reasonable price. Her father suggested to her to use the internet to gather customers’ views and opinions. She found that there was a huge demand for organic packed wheat. She knew that there were no pre-determined specifications in case of wheat, because of which it would be difficult to achieve uniformity in the output. To differentiate the product from its competitors, she gave it the name of ‘Mahan-organic wheat’ and classified it into three different varieties namely — Popular, Classic and Supreme, based on the quality. She felt that these names would help her in product differentiation.
Explain the three functions of marketing, with reference to the above paragraph

How does 'Inflation' affect the working capital requirements of a company? State.

Explain the following as factor affecting the requirements of fixed capital:

Choice of technique

Explain the following as factors affecting the requirements of fixed capital:

Technology upgradation

Explain the following as factors affecting the requirements of fixed capital:

Financing alternatives

Explain the following as factor affecting dividend decision:

Stability of dividends