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Financial Statements are prepared following the constituent accounting concepts principles procedures and also the legal environment in which the business organisation operate. These statements are the source of information on the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the profitability and financial position of a company so that their users can easily understand and use them in their economic decisions in a meaningful way.
From the above statements identify any two values that a company should observe while preparing its financial statements. Also, State under which major headings and sub-headings the following items will be presented in the Balance Sheet of a company as per Schedule III of the Companies Act 2013
(1) Capital Reserve
(2) Calls-in-Advance
(3) Loose Tools
(4) Bank overdraft
Concept: Concept of Financial Statements
Calculate Revenue from operations of BN Ltd. From the following information:
| Current assets | ₹ 8,00,000. |
| Quick ratio is | 1.5: 1 |
| Current ratio is | 2: 1 |
| Inventory turnover ratio is | 6 times. |
Goods were sold at a profit of 25% on cost.
Concept: Activity Ratios >> Inventory Turnover Ratio
Explain the meaning of the term 'Normalisation'.
Concept: Logical Structuring of Data in Tables
Explain the meaning of the term 'Query' as a tool of SQL.
Concept: Introduction Data Base Management System for Accounting
Explain the meaning of the term 'Join' as a tool of SQL.
Concept: Introduction Data Base Management System for Accounting
Prem, Param and Priya were partners in a firm. Their fixed capitals were Prem Rs 2,00,000; Param Rs 3,00,000 and Priya Rs 5,00,000. They were sharing profits in the ratio of their capitals. The firm was engaged in the sale of ready-to-eat food packets at three different locations in the city, each being managed by Prem, Param and Priya. The outlet managed by Prem was doing more business than the outlets managed by Param and Priya. Prem requested Param and Priya for a higher share in the profits of the firm which Param and Priya accepted. It was decided that the new profit sharing ratio will be 2: 1: 2 and its effect will be introduced retrospectively for the last four years. The profits of the last four years were Rs. 2,00,000; Rs. 3,50,000; Rs. 4,75,000 and Rs. 5,25,000 respectively. Showing your calculations clearly, pass a necessary adjustment entry to give effect to the new agreement between Prem, Param and Priya.
Concept: Distribution of Profit Among Partners >> Past Adjustments
Raka, Seema, and Mahesh were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5: 3: 2. With effect from 1st April, 2019, they mutually agreed to share profits and losses in the ratio of 2: 2: 1.
On that date, there was a workmen's compensation fund of ₹ 90,000 in the books of the firm. It was agreed that:
(i) Goodwill of the firm be valued at ₹ 70,000.
(ii) Claim for workmen's compensation amounted to ₹ 40,000.
(iii) Profit on revaluation of assets and re-assessment of liabilities amounted to ₹ 40,000.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm.
Concept: Distribution of Profit Among Partners
Read the following hypothetical situation and answer the following question on its basis:
|
Rudra, Dev and Shiv were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. Their fixed capitals were ₹ 6,00,000, ₹ 4,00,000, and ₹ 2,00,000, respectively. Besides his capital, Shiv had given a loan of ₹ 75,000 to the firm. Their partnership deed provided for the following:
During the year, Rudra withdrew ₹ 50,000 at the end of each quarter; Dev withdrew ₹ 50,000 in the beginning of each half year; and Shiv withdrew ₹ 70,000 at the end of each half year. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31-3-2022 before allowing interest on Shiv’s loan was ₹ 7,06,750. |
How much amount of net profit will be transferred to the Profit and Loss Appropriation A/c?
Concept: Distribution of Profit Among Partners
Read the following hypothetical situation and answer the following question on its basis:
|
Rudra, Dev and Shiv were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 2. Their fixed capitals were ₹ 6,00,000, ₹ 4,00,000, and ₹ 2,00,000, respectively. Besides his capital, Shiv had given a loan of ₹ 75,000 to the firm. Their partnership deed provided for the following:
During the year, Rudra withdrew ₹ 50,000 at the end of each quarter; Dev withdrew ₹ 50,000 in the beginning of each half year; and Shiv withdrew ₹ 70,000 at the end of each half year. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31-3-2022 before allowing interest on Shiv’s loan was ₹ 7,06,750. |
What will the amount of interest on drawings of the partners?
Concept: Distribution of Profit Among Partners
Which function results can be displayed in Auto Calculate?
Concept: Basic Concepts of Spreadsheet >> Functions
When navigating in a workbook, which command is used to move to the beginning of the current row?
Concept: Basic Concepts of Spreadsheet
The syntax of PMT Function is ______.
Concept: Useful Functions > Financial Functions
Explain the use of ‘Conditional Formatting’.
Concept: Data Formatting
C and D are the partner in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4:1. On 31.3.2016 their Balance Sheet was as follows :
| Balance Sheet of C and D As on 31.3.2016 |
|||
| Liabilities | Rs | Assets | Rs |
|
Sundry Creditors Provision for Bad debts Outstanding Salary General Reserve
Capitals C 1,20,000 D 80,000 |
40,000 4,000 6,000 10,000
2,00,000 |
Cash Debtors Stock Furniture Plant and Machinery
|
24,000 36,000 40,000 80,000 80,000
|
| 2,60,000 | 2,60,000 | ||
On the above date, E was admitted for 1/4 th share in the profits on the following terms:
1) E will bring 1, 00,000 as his capital and 20,000 for his share of goodwill premium half of which will be withdrawn by C and D.
2) Debtors 2,000 will be written off as bad debts and a provision of 4% will be created on debtors for bad debts and doubtful debts
3) The stock will be reduced by Rs 2,000, furniture will be depreciated by Rs 4,000 and 10% depreciation will be charged on plant and machinery
4) Investments of 7,000 not shown in the Balance Sheet will be taken into account.
5) There was an outstanding repairs bill of Rs 2,300 which will be recorded in the books.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm on E’s admission.
Concept: Statement of Profit and Loss
| Balance Sheet of Sameer, Yasmin and Saloni as at 31.3.2016 | |||||
| Liabilities | Amount (₹) | Amount (₹) | Assets | Amount (₹) | Amount (₹) |
| Creditors | 1,10,000 | Cash | 80,000 | ||
| General Reserve | 60,000 | Debtors | 90,000 | 80,000 | |
| Capitals: | 7,00,000 | Less: Provision | 10,000 | ||
| Sameer | 3,00,000 | Stock | 1,00,000 | ||
| Yasmin | 2,50,000 | Machinery | 3,00,000 | ||
| Saloni | 1,50,000 | Building | 2,00,000 | ||
| Patents | 60,000 | ||||
| Profit and Loss Account | 50,000 | ||||
| 8,70,000 | 8,70,000 | ||||
On the above date, Sameer retired and it was agreed that:
- Debtors of 4,000 will be written off as bad debts and a provision of 5% on debtors for bad and doubtful debts will be maintained.
- An unrecorded creditor of 20,000 will be recorded.
- Patents will be completely written off and 5% depreciation will be charged on stock, machinery and building.
- Yasmin and Saloni will share future profits in the ratio of 3 : 2.
- Goodwill of the firm on Sameer’s retirement was valued at ₹ 5,40,000.
Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm on Sameer’s retirement.
Concept: Statement of Profit and Loss
From the following Balance Sheet as SRS Ltd and the additional information as in 31.3.2016, prepare a Cash Flow Statements :
| Balance Sheet of SRS Ltd as at 31-3-2016 | |||
| Particulars | Note No. |
31-03-2016 Rs |
31-03-2015 Rs |
|
I. Equity and Liabilities 1. Shareholder’s Funds (a) Share Capital (b) Reserve and Surplus 2. Non - Current Liabilities (a) Long-term borrowings 3. Current Liabilities (a) Short-term borrowings (b) Short-term provisions |
1
2
3 4 |
4,50,000 1,25,000
2,25,000
75,000 1,00,000 |
3,50,000 50,000
1,75,000
37,500 62,500 |
| Total | 9,75,000 | 6,75,000 | |
|
II. Assets 1. Non – Current Assets (a) Fixed Assets Tangible assets Intangible (b) Non – Current Investments 2. Current Assets (a) Current Investments (b) Inventories (c) Cash and Cash
|
5 6
7
|
7,32,500 50,000 75,000
20,000 61,000 36,500 |
4,52,500 75,000 50,000
35,000 36,000 26,500 |
| Total | 9,75,000 | 6,75,000 | |
| Note No | Particulars |
31-3-2016 Rs |
31-3-2015 Rs |
|
1
|
Reserve and Surplus (Surplus i.e. Balance in Statement of Profit and Loss) |
1,25,000
|
50,000
|
| 1,25,000 | 50,000 | ||
|
2
|
Long term borrowings : 12 % Debentures |
2,25,000 |
1,75,000 |
| 2,25,000 | 1,75,000 | ||
|
3
|
Short-term borrowings : Bank Overdraft |
75,000 |
37,500 |
| 75,000 | 37,500 | ||
|
4
|
Short-term provisions Provisions for tax |
1,00,000 |
62,500 |
| 1,00,000 | 62,500 | ||
|
5
|
Tangible Assets Machinery Accumulated Depreciation |
8,37,500 (1,05,000) |
5,22,500 (70,000) |
| 7,32,500 | 4,52,500 | ||
|
6
|
Intangible Assets Goodwill |
50,000 |
75,000 |
| 50,000 | 75,000 | ||
|
7
|
Inventories Stock in trade |
61,000 |
36,000 |
| 61,000 | 36,000 |
Additional Information:
1) Rs 50,000, 12% debentures were issued on 31.3.2016
2) During the year a piece of machinery costing Rs40,000 on which accumulated depreciation was Rs 20,000 was sold at a loss of Rs 5,000.
Concept: Statement of Profit and Loss
'Good Blankets Ltd.' are the manufacturers of woollen blankets. Blankets of the company are exported to many countries. The company decided to distribute blankets free of cost to five villages of Kashmir Valley destroyed by the recent floods. It also decided to employ 100 young persons from these villages in their newly established factory at Solan in Himachal Pradesh. To meet the requirements of funds for starting its new factory, the company issued 50,000 equity shares of Rs 10 each and 2,000 8% debentures of Rs 100 each to the vendors of machinery purchased for Rs 7,00,000. Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the company. Also, identify anyone value which the company wants to communicate to the society.
Concept: Concept of Financial Statements
Following is the Balance Sheets of Solar Power Ltd as at 31.3.2014 :
| Solar Power Ltd. Balance Sheet |
|||
| Particulars | Note No. |
31-3-2014 Rs |
31-3-2014 Rs |
|
I. Equity and Liabilities 1. Shareholder’s Funds a. Share Capital b. Reserve and Surplus 2. Non - Current Liabilities a. Long-term borrowings 3. Current Liabilities a. Trade Payables b. Short Term Provisions |
24,00,000 6,00,000
4,80,000
3,58,000 1,00,000 |
22,00,000 4,00,000
3,40,000
4,08,000 1,54,000 |
|
| Total | 39,38,000 | 35,02,000 | |
|
II. Assets 1. Non – Current Assets a) Fixed Assets (i) Tangible assets (ii) Intangible b) Non – Current Investments 2. Current Assets a) Current Investment b) Inventories c) Trade Receivables d)Cash and Cash |
21,40,000 80,000
4,80,000 2,58,000 3,40,000 6,40,000 |
17,00,000 2,24,000
3,00,000 2,42,000 2,86,000 7,50,000 |
|
| Total | 39,38,000 | 35,02,000 | |
Notes to Accounts
| Note No |
Particulars | As On 31-3-2014 |
As On 31-3-2013 |
|
1
|
Reserve and Surplus (Surplus i.e. Balance in Statement of Profit and Loss) |
6,00,000
|
4,00,000
|
|
2
|
Tangible Assets Machinery Less: Accumulated Depreciation |
25,40,000 (4,00,000) |
20,00,000 (3,00,000) |
|
3
|
Intangible Assets Goodwill |
80,000 |
2,24,0000 |
Additional Information:-
During the year a piece of machinery, costing Rs 48,000 on which accumulated depreciation was Rs 32,000, was sold at Rs 12,000.
Prepare Cash Flow Statement.
Concept: Statement of Profit and Loss
State any one limitation of Financial Statement Analysis’
Concept: Concept of Financial Statements
What is meant by 'Analysis of Financial Statements'? State any two objectives of such an analysis.
Concept: Concept of Financial Statements
