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What is the need for Protocols?
Concept: Introduction to Protocols
In case of ______ switching, before a communication starts, a dedicated path is identified between the sender and the receiver.
Concept: Switching Techniques
Define the term bandwidth with respect to networks.
Concept: Measuring Capacity of Communication Media
Janish Khanna used a pen drive to copy files from his friend's laptop to his office computer. Soon his computer started abnormal functioning. Sometimes it would restart by itself and sometimes it would stop different applications running on it. Which of the following options out ·of (i) to (iv), would have caused the malfunctioning of the computer? Justify the reason for your chosen option:
1) Computer Virus
2)Spain Mail
3) Computer Bacteria
4) Trojan Horse
Concept: Threats and Prevention
MakeInIndia Corporation, a Uttarakhand-based IT training company, is planning to set up training centres in various cities in the next 2 years. Their first campus is coming up in the Kashipur district. At the Kashipur campus, they are planning to have 3 different blocks for App development, Web designing, and Movie editing. Each block has a number of computers, which are required to be connected to a network for communication, data, and resource sharing. As a network consultant of this company, you have to suggest the best network-related solutions for the issues/problems raised in questions keeping in mind the distances between various blocks/locations and other given parameters.

Distance between various blocks/locations:
| Block | Distance |
| App development to Web Designing | 28 m |
| App development to Movie Editing | 55 m |
| Web designing to Movie Editing | 32 m |
| Kashipur Campus to Mussoorie Campus | 232 km |
Number of computers
| Block | Number of Computers |
| App development | 75 |
| Web Designing | 50 |
| Movie editing | 80 |
- Suggest the most appropriate block/location to house the SERVER in the Kashipur campus (out of the 3 blocks) to get the best and most effective connectivity. Justify your answer.
- Suggest a device/software be installed in the Kashipur Campus to take care of data security.
- Suggest the best-wired medium and draw the cable layout (Block to Block) to economically connect various blocks within the Kashipur Campus.
- Suggest the placement of the following devices with appropriate reasons:
a. Switch/Hub
b. Repeater - Suggest a protocol that shall be needed to provide a Video Conferencing solution between Kashipur Campus and Mussoorie Campus.
Concept: Firewall
How is http different from https?
Concept: HTTP vs HTTPS
Giving reason comment on the shape of production possibilities curve based on the following schedule:
| Good X (units) | Good Y (units) |
| 0 | 8 |
| 1 | 6 |
| 2 | 4 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 0 |
Concept: Concepts of Production Possibility Frontier
Giving reason, comment on the shape of Production Possibilities Curve based on the following table :
| Good X (units) | Good Y (units) |
| 0 | 20 |
| 1 | 18 |
| 2 | 14 |
| 3 | 8 |
| 4 | 0 |
Concept: Concepts of Production Possibility Frontier
Giving reason, comment on the shape of Production Possibilities Curve based on the following table :
| Good X (units) | Good Y (units) |
| 0 | 4 |
| 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 4 | 0 |
Concept: Concepts of Production Possibility Frontier
How do infrastructure facilities boost production?
Concept: Infrastructure
Answer the following question.
Why is a Production Possibility Curve concave to the origin? Explain.
Concept: Concepts of Production Possibility Frontier
Why does an economic problem arise? Explain.
Concept: Central Problems of an Economy
Distinguish between positive economics and normative economics, with suitable examples.
Concept: Positive and Normative Economics
“The pre-independent India’s occupational structure experienced growing regional variation.”
Justify the above statement with valid explanation.
Concept: Occupational Structure
Find net value added at factor cost:
(Rs lakh)
(i) Durable use producer goods with a life span of 10 years 10
(ii) Single use producer goods 5
iii) Sale 20
(iv) Unsold output produced during the year 2
(v) Taxes on production 1
Concept: Circular Flow of Income and Methods of Calculating National Income
Find national income and private income:
| (Rs crore) | ||
| (i) | Rent | 200 |
| (ii) | Net current transfer to abroad | 10 |
| (iii) | National debt interest | 60 |
| (iv) | Corporate tax | 100 |
| (v) | Composition of employees | 900 |
| (vi) | Current transfers from government | 150 |
| (vii) | Interest | 400 |
| (viii) | Interest | 50 |
| (ix) | Undistributed profits | 250 |
| (x) | Net factor income to abroad | (-)10 |
| (xi) | Income accruing to government | 120 |
Concept: Private Income
Explain the precautions that are taken while estimating additional income by the value-added method.
Concept: Circular Flow of Income and Methods of Calculating National Income
If the Real GDP is Rs400 and Nominal GDP is Rs450, calculate the Price Index (base = 100).
Concept: GDP and Welfare
Calculate National Income and Private Income :
| (Rs crores) | ||
| (i) | Net imports | 5 |
| (ii) | Net domestic capital formation | 15 |
| (iii) | Personal income | 90 |
| (iv) | National debt interest | 10 |
| (v) | Corporate tax | 25 |
| (vi) | Government final consumption expenditure | 20 |
| (vii) | Net factor income to abroad | (−) 5 |
| (viii) | Net indirect tax | 10 |
| (ix) | Undistributed profits | 0 |
| (x) | Private final consumption expenditure | 100 |
Concept: Private Income
