Definitions [2]
Define taxonomy.
The theoretical study of classification which includes its basic principles, procedures and rules.
Definition: Nomenclature
Nomenclature is the system of assignment of names to organic compounds.
Key Points
Key Points: Nomenclature
- Nomenclature is the process of giving a unique scientific name to each organism for universal identification.
- Scientific names follow rules set by ICBN (for plants) and ICZN (for animals).
- Names are usually derived from Latin or Greek and may describe features or honour scientists.
- Scientific names are written in italics (printed) or underlined (handwritten), with genus capitalised and species in lowercase.
Key points: Nomenclature of Carbon Compounds
- The IUPAC system provides a unique, systematic way to name carbon compounds based on structure, replacing confusing common names.
- An IUPAC name has three parts: prefix, parent, and suffix, reflecting the carbon chain and functional group.
- The parent name is based on the longest carbon chain, and its ending changes to –ane, –ene, or –yne depending on the number of bonds.
- Functional groups are shown as prefixes or suffixes, and the chain is numbered to give them the lowest possible number.
- If the suffix begins with a vowel, the final ‘e’ in the parent alkane name is dropped (e.g., propane → propanone).
Concepts [8]
- Diversity in the Living World
- Need for Classification
- Taxonomy and Systematics
- Three Domains of Life
- Taxonomic Hierarchy
- Nomenclature
- Concept of Species
- Tools for Study of Taxonomy
