Revision: Information Communication Technology Communication Skills BE Civil Engineering Semester 2 (FE First Year) University of Mumbai

Electric Bulb :
An electric bulb is a lamp consisting of a transparent or translucent glass housing containing a wire filament ( usually tungsten ) that emits light when heated by electricity.

Calculator
Definition: A calculator is a small portable, electronic device used to perform both basic and complex operations of arithmetic.

Components: In general, a basic electronic calculator consists of the following component:

1.  Power source (battery or solar cell).
2.  Keypad (keys used to input number).
3.  Function commands are basic operation keys (addition multiplication) etc.
4.  Processor chip
5.  Encoder unit (converts number and functions into binary code).
6.  X register and Y register (temporary stores while calculating).
7. Decoder unit (convert binary code into "decimal" number which can be displayed on the display unit).
8.  Display panel (Display input number, commands and results calculates usually have liquid crystal display).
   Working: calculator work by processing information in binary form. When we input a number into a calculator, an integrated circuit converts those number to binary string of zeros and ones. The ICS then use the strings to turn transistor on and off with electricity to perform the Desire calculations. 100 calculation has been completed, the answer in binary form is been converted back to the normal base 10 system and display on the calculator display screen.

Laptop :
A laptop or a notebook computer is a battery-powered or AC-powered personal computer generally smaller than a briefcase that can easily be transported and conveniently used in momentary spaces such as on airplanes , in libraries , temporary offices and at meetings.

Transformer :
A transformer is a piece of electrical equipment which changes a voltage to a higher or lower voltage and transfers an alternating current from one circuit to more other circuits ,with increase ( step-up transformer or decrease i.e. step-down transformer ) of voltage.

Mobile phone :
A mobile phone is a wireless handheld device that allows users to make and receive calls and to send text messages, along with other features like web browsers , games , cameras, video players and even navigational systems.