- Ozone (O₃) in the upper atmosphere forms a protective layer that blocks harmful UV-B rays from the sun.
- Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) from refrigerators, aerosol sprays, and styrofoam break down ozone into oxygen, thinning this layer.
- Ozone depletion allows more UV-B rays to reach Earth, causing sunburn, skin cancer, genetic damage, and reduced ecosystem productivity.
Definitions [4]
Define 'Greenhouse effect'.
The heating-up of the earth’s atmosphere due to trapped infrared rays reflected from the earth's surface by atmospheric gases is called the greenhouse effect.
Define global warming.
The gradual increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is called global warming.
Define the following
Greenhouse effect
The warming up of the atmosphere due to trapping of the solar radiation reflected by the earth by gases like carbon dioxide is called Greenhouse effect.
Definition: Global Warming
The gradual increase in the average surface temperature of the Earth due to rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is called global warming.
Key Points
Key Points: Acid Rain
- Acid rain forms when rainwater absorbs industrial gases like CO₂, SO₂, and nitrogen oxides, making it more acidic.
- It harms soil and vegetation, corrodes buildings, damages monuments by reacting with calcium, and reduces visibility.
- It also acidifies water bodies, endangering fish and aquatic life.
- Soil pollution reduces soil fertility and nutrients.
- Waste control is essential to protect soil health.
Key Points: Ozone Layer Depletion
