Question

Write a short note on the X-ray.

Answer 1

It is produced when there is a sudden deceleration of high speed electrons at high- atomic number target, and also by electronic transitions among the innermost orbits of atoms. The wavelength range 10^-13 m to 10^-8 m and frequency range are 3 x 10²¹ Hz to 1 x 10¹⁶ Hz. X-rays have more penetrating power than ultraviolet radiation.

X-rays are used extensively in studying structures of inner atomic electron shells and crystal structures. It is used in detecting fractures, diseased organs, formation of bones and stones, observing the progress of healing bones. Further, in a finished metal product, it is used to detect faults, cracks, flaws and holes.