Question

Write a short note on AIDS.

Answer 1

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is a fatal disease characterized by a serious clinical condition marked by cellular immunodeficiency. It is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a retrovirus that mainly destroys T4 lymphocytes (helper T-cells), which are crucial for the body’s immune response. When HIV infects these cells, it integrates its genes and converts the T-cells into factories that produce more virus, leading to severe immune system impairment.

AIDS is transmitted through blood transfusions, sharing hypodermic needles, sexual contact (both male homosexual and multiple heterosexual partners), and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding. The virus does not spread by casual contact, saliva, or touch.