Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Write a short note:
Embryological evidences
Advertisements
उत्तर
- Embryological evidences arise from comparative study of embryological developmental stages of various vertebrates.
- Embryos of different vertebrates appear similar during the initial stages of development and these similarities gradually decrease as the embryo develops.
- Embryology can be used as evidence of evolution as similarities in initial stages of development indicate common origin of the animals.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
(a) Select the analogous structures from the combination given below:
(i) Forelimbs of whales and bats
(ii) Eyes of octopus and mammals
(iii) Tuber of sweet potato and potato
(iv) Tuber of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
(b) State the kind of evolution they represent
Given below is the list of vegetables available in the market. Select from these the two vegetables having homologous structures:
Potato, sweet potato, ginger, radish, tomato, carrot, okra (Lady’s finger)
(A) Potato and sweet potato
(B) Radish and carrot
(C) Okra and sweet potato
(D) Potato and tomato
Write the similarity between the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bat. What do you infer from the above with reference to evolution?
How analogy and homology considered as an evidence in support of evolution ?
State a reason for the increased population of dark coloured moths coinciding with the loss of lichens (on tree barks) during industrialization period in England.
Four students P, Q, R and S differently reported the following set of organs to be analogous :
P. Forelimb of a frog and forelimb of a lizard
Q. Forelimb of a bird and forelimb of a human
R. Wings of a parrot and wings of a butterfly
S. Wings of a bird and wings of a bat
The two students who have reported correctly are :
(A) P and Q
(B) Q and R
(C) R and S
(D) P and S
Name any two temporary embryonic structures in vertebrates which provide evidence for evolution.
What are homologous organs?
The forelimbs of a frog, a bird and a man show the same basic design (or basic structure) of bones. What name is given to such organs?
Out of bacteria, spider, fish and chimpanzee, which organism has a better body design in evolutionary terms? Give reason for your answer.
The organs which perform similar functions but have different basic structure are called :
(a) asymmetric organs
(b) analogous organs
(c) homologous organs
(d) homophonic organs
Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution, this means that ______
The wings of a housefly and the wings of a sparrow are an example of :
(a) analogous organs
(b) vestigial organs
(c) respiratory organs
(d) homologous organs
X, Y, and Z are three animals. The animal X can fly but animal Y can only run on ground or walls. The forelimbs of animals X and Y have the same basic design but they are used for different purposes such as flying and running respectively. The animal Z became extinct an long time ago. The study of fossils of Z tells us that it had some features like those of X and some like those of Y. In fact, Z is said to form a connecting link in the evolutionary chain of X and Y.
(a) What could the animals X, Y and Z be?
(b) What name is given to the forelimbs like those of X and Y which have the same basic design but different functions?
(c) Name one feature in which Z resembled X.
(d) Name one feature in which Z resembled Y.
(e) Which is the correct evolutionary chain involving X, Y and Z : X → Z → Y or Y → Z → X?
In a class, students were asked to observe the models/slides/pictures of the skeletons of forelimbs and wings of different organisms. After the observations the students made the following groups of homologous structures. Select the correct group :
(A) Wings of a bird and a butterfly
(B) Wings of a pigeon and a bat
(C) Wings of a butterfly and a bat
(D) Forelimbs of a cow, a duck and a lizard
Vestigial organ ______ present in human body is proof of evolution.
Answer the following question.
Wisdom teeth : Vestigial organs :: Lungfish : ....................
Complete the following chart:
Draw a labelled diagram of T.S. of a leaf showing Kranz anatomy.
Define fossil.
Differentiate between connecting links and the missing links.
Define phylogeny.
Find an odd one out.
Give scientific reason.
Peripatus is said to be the connecting link between Annelida and Arthropoda.
Observe the given images and answer the following questions.
- Which evolutionary evidence does it indicate?
- What does it prove?
- State another example of evolutionary evidence.
Which evidence of evolution is shown in the given picture? Explain the importance of this evidence.
The degenerated and non-functional organs found in an organism are called ______.
Select the CORRECT match.
Select the CORRECT set of homologous organs.
The fossil remains of Archaeopteryx is a connecting link between ______
Tendons and ligaments are examples of ______.
Which of the following is used as an atmospheric pollution indicator?
Appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is an example of ______.
What were the characteristics of life forms that had been fossilised?
Did aquatic life forms get fossilised? If, yes where do we come across such fossils?
What are we referring to? When we say 'simple organisms' or 'complex organisms'.
Give an example for convergent evolution and identify the features towards which they are converging.
Give one example of homologous organs found in plants.
