Question

Which are the important parts of the hind brain? Explain their functions.

Answer 1

The important parts of the hind brain are Cerebellum, Brainstem, and Reticular Activation System (RAS).

• Cerebellum - It consists of two round structures. Cerebellum maintains body posture and body balance and coordinates muscle movement.
• Brain stem - It's parts are Medulla oblongata and Pons.

1. Medulla oblongata - It is the lowest part of the brain stem i.e., located at the base of the skull. Medulla is called 'vital centre of the brain' as it controls vital functions like blood pressure, breathing rate, pulse rate, and digestive activities. It sends sensory impulses to the brain and receives motor impulses from the brain.
2. Pons - It is located above the medulla. Pons serves as a bridge between the two cerebral hemispheres. It sends and receives information from the lower parts of the brain. It is concerned with hearing, balance. It has motor neurons which control facial movements.

• Reticular Activation System (RAS) - It is also called the reticular formation. It is nut shaped and runs through the hind brain into the mid brain and fore brain. It is called the body's 'alarm clock' as it plays a vital role in producing a state of alertness and activity.