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प्रश्न
What are the phases of the menstrual cycle? Indicate the changes in the ovary and uterus.
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उत्तर
The four phases of the menstrual cycle are:
- Menstrual or Destructive phase
- Follicular or Proliferative phase
- Ovulatory phase
- Luteal or secretory phase.
Events of the menstrual cycle and changes in the ovary and changes in the uterus.
| Phase | Days | Changes in Ovary | Changes in Uterus | Hormonal changes |
| Menstrual phase | 4 – 5 days | Development of primary follicles. | Breakdown of uterine endometrial lining leads to bleeding. | The decrease in progesterone and estrogen. |
| Follicular phase | 6th – 13th day |
Primary follicles grow to become fully mature Graafian follicles. | Endometrium regenerates through proliferation. | FSH and Oestrogen increase. |
| Ovulatory phase | 14th day | The Graafian follicle ruptures, and releases the ovum (egg). | Increase in endometrial thickness. | LH peak. |
| Luteal phase | 15th – 28th day | Emptied Graafian follicle develops into corpus luteum. | The endometrium is prepared for implantation if fertilization of the egg takes place if fertilization does not occur corpus luteum degenerates, uterine wall ruptures, bleeding starts, an unfertilized egg is expelled. | LH and FSH decrease, Corpus luteum produces progesterone, and its level increases followed by a decline if menstrual bleeding occurs. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Describe the role of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.
Give appropriate terms for each of the following process:
Fixing of developing zygote (blastocyst) on the uterine wall.
Name the Following
The onset of menstruation in a young girl at about the age of 13 years.
The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is also called the secretory phase. Give reason.
____________ is transformed to corpus luteum during luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
Which structure in the ovary will remain functional in subject 2?
Menstruation normally occurs once in ______.
The Corpus luteum grows during menstruation.
Which of the following events is not associated with ovulation in human females?
Mention the importance of LH surge during menstrual cycle.
