Question

“The third phase of population growth is referred to as the period of population explosion in India.” Evaluate the statement with examples.

Answer 1

Between 1951 and 1981, India saw a population explosion due to high fertility rates and a significant drop in mortality rates. During this phase, India experienced the highest average yearly growth rate in its history, at 2.2%. Following independence, economic and healthcare advancements improved living circumstances, resulting in lower mortality while maintaining high birth rates. Large-scale migration from neighboring countries, including Bangladesh, Nepal, and Tibet, led to population expansion. Developmental activities, industrialization, and urbanization impacted demographic changes. Increased population has stressed resources, resulting in unemployment and socio-economic issues. In the 1980s, growth slowed due to improved family planning programs and increased education, especially among women.