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The polynomial kx^3 + 3x^2 − 11x − 6 when divided by (x + 1), leaves a remainder of 6. (a) Find the value of k. (b) Using the value of k factorise completely the polynomial kx^3 + 3x^2 − 11x − 6. - Mathematics

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प्रश्न

The polynomial kx3 + 3x2 − 11x − 6 when divided by (x + 1), leaves a remainder of 6.

  1. Find the value of k.
  2. Using the value of k factorise completely the polynomial kx3 + 3x2 − 11x − 6.
योग
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उत्तर

(a) Using the remainder theorem,

If polynomial P(x) is divided by (x − a), the remainder is P(a).

x + 1 = 0

x = −1

Thus, on substituting value x = −1 in kx3 + 3x2 − 11x − 6, we get:

⇒ k(−1)3 + 3(−1)2 − 11(−1) − 6 = 6

⇒ −k + 3 + 11 − 6 = 6

⇒ −k + 8 = 6

⇒ −k = 6 − 8

⇒ k = 2

Hence, the value of k = 2.

(b) P(x) = 2x3 + 3x2 − 11x − 6

Substituting value x = 2 in P(x), we get:

⇒ P(x) = 2(2)3 + 3(2)2 − 11(2) − 6

⇒ P(2) = 2(8) + 3(4) − 22 − 6

⇒ P(2) = 16 + 12 − 22 − 6

⇒ P(2) = 28 − 28

⇒ P(2) = 0

Since, P(2) = 0, thus (x − 2) is a factor of P(x).

`x - 2")"overline(2x^3 + 3x^2 - 11x - 6)"(2x^2 + 7x + 3`
            2x3 – 4x2 
         –        +                          
                      7x2 − 11x
                      7x2 − 14x
                   –        +                  
                                3x – 6

                               3x – 6
                           –       +             
                                    ×         

∴ 2x3 + 3x2 − 11x − 6 = (x − 2)(2x2 + 7x + 3)

= (x − 2)(2x2 + 6x + x + 3)

= (x − 2)[2x(x + 3) + 1(x + 3)]

= (x − 2)(2x + 1)(x + 3)

Hence, 2x3 + 3x2 − 11x − 6 = (x − 2)(2x + 1)(x + 3).

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