Question

Thanjavur District, known as the ‘Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu’, has an extensive network of Eris.

Explain any three benefits of the Eri system in rice cultivation of Thanjavur.

Answer 1

1. Sustainable Water Storage and Flood Control: Eris collect excess water during the monsoon (October-November). This prevents flooding of crops while storing water for the dry season, ensuring a consistent supply for the water-intensive paddy crop, even when the Cauvery river flow is low.
2. Groundwater Recharge: The tanks serve as crucial percolation structures. They allow water to seep into the ground, raising the local water table, which keeps nearby wells active, particularly for supplementary irrigation in rural areas.
3. Localised Irrigation Management: Eris empower local farmers and communities to manage water distribution efficiently, rather than relying solely on canal water. This localized, community-based management helps optimize water use and allows for cultivation even in areas away from the main deltaic canals.