Question

Sixteen cards are labelled as a, b, c, ............... m, n, o, p. They are put in a box and shuffled. A boy is asked to draw a card from the box. What is the probability that the card drawn is:

1. a vowel.
2. a consonant.
3. none of the letters of the word median.

Answer 1

Outcomes: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p

Total number of all possible outcomes 16

i. When the selected card has a vowel,

The possible outcomes are a, e, i, o

Number of favourable outcomes 4

∴ Required probability = `4/16 = 1/4`

ii. When the selected card has a consonant,

Number of favourable outcomes = 16 – 4 = 12

∴ Required probability = `12/16 = 3/4`

iii. When the selected card has none of the letters from the word median

The possible outcomes are b, c, f, g, h, j, k, l, o, p.

Number of favourable outcomes 10

∴ Required probability = `10/16 = 5/8`