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प्रश्न
Short answer question
Which are the 2 types of goitre? What are its causes?
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उत्तर
Hypersecretion of thyroid hormones: It is caused by an increase in the levels of thyroid hormones. This increases metabolic rate, sensitivity, sweating, flushing, rapid respiration, bulging of eyeballs, and affects various physiological activities. Graves’ disease: Hyperthyroidism in adults results in this disorder. It is characterised by protruding eyeballs, increased BMR, and weight loss. Increased BMR produces a range of effects like increased heartbeat, increased B.P., higher body temperature, nervousness, irritability, and tremor of fingers.
Simple goitre: It is iodine deficiency goitre. Iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone and if there is a deficiency of iodine in the diet, it causes enlargement of the thyroid gland leading to simple goitre. This disease is common in hilly areas. Addition of iodine to table salt prevents this disease. The size of the thyroid gland is increased but the total output of thyroxine is decreased.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Which hormone deficiency is responsible for the following?
Cretinism
match the conditions in column A with the cause in column B.
| A (Condition) | B (Cause) | ||
| a | Dwarfism and mental retardation | 1 | shortage of glucose in blood |
| b | Diabetes mellitus | 2 | Over secretion of growth hormone |
| c | Excess of glucose in blood | 3 | Insulin shock |
| d | Gigantism | 4 | Over secretion of thyroxine |
| e | Enlargement of breasts in adult males | 5 | Hypothyroidism |
| f | Exophthalmic goitre | 6 | Over secretion of cortical hormones |
Why is iodine as a nutrient, important to our body?
Name the following:
The hormone that controls the basal metabolic rate.
Goiter is usually observed in people living in hilly regions.
Give a labeled diagram of parathyroid gland.
Which of the following is the cause of Graves' disease?
What are the effects of hypothyroidism (observed during pregnancy) on the development and maturation of a growing baby?
A child has low BMR, delayed puberty and mental retardation. Identify the disease.
Name the gland that causes following disorder.
Addison's disease
