Question

Read the given source carefully and answer the questions that follow:

Forms of Power-sharing The idea of power-sharing has emerged in opposition to the notions of undivided political power. For a long time, it was believed that all power of a government must reside in one person or group of persons located at one place. It was felt that if the power to decide is dispersed, it would not be possible to take quick decisions and to enforce them. But these notions have changed with the emergence of democracy. One basic principle of democracy is that people are the source of all political power. In a democracy, people rule themselves through institutions of self-government. In a good democratic government, due respect is given to diverse groups and views that exist in a society. Everyone has a voice in the shaping of public policies. Therefore, it follows that in a democracy, political power should be distributed among as many citizens as possible.

1. How does power sharing promote stability of political order?
2. How are pressure groups part of the power sharing mechanism?
3. How does power sharing contribute to the spirit of democracy?

Answer 1

1. Power sharing promotes stability by minimising the likelihood of conflict among different social groups. By ensuring that different groups have a stake in the government, it reduces marginalisation, which often leads to violence and political instability.
2. Citizens can influence government decisions through pressure groups rather than contesting elections directly. They ensure that power is not concentrated primarily in the hands of political parties by representing distinct interests and providing a platform for various societal groups to participate in policymaking.
3. Power sharing is considered the “spirit of democracy” because it adheres to the fundamental idea that individuals affected by the exercise of power have the right to be consulted on how they are governed. It ensures that political power is distributed to as many citizens as feasible rather than concentrated, thereby respecting varied groups and minority viewpoints within a society. Allowing people to rule themselves through self-government institutions strengthens the political system, making it more legitimate, inclusive, and responsible to the people's collective desire.