Question

Read the following passage.

1	The growing preference for indigenous craft items is a welcome trend in today’s globalised world, where mass-produced goods often dominate markets. These handcrafted products, rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions of their regions, offer more than just aesthetic appeal. They symbolise sustainability, support local economies, and preserve the heritage of diverse communities.
2	One of the primary reasons for choosing indigenous crafts is their eco-friendliness. Unlike factory-made products, most traditional crafts are created using natural, locally sourced materials. Artisans often employ time-tested methods that minimise waste and avoid harmful industrial processes. For example, pottery made from local clay, handwoven textiles using organic dyes, and bamboo-based crafts all have a much lower environmental footprint compared to their machine-made counterparts. By opting for these items, consumers indirectly contribute to reducing pollution and promoting sustainable practices.
3	Supporting indigenous crafts also strengthens local economies. Many artisans depend solely on their craft for livelihood, often working in small communities where opportunities for other forms of employment are limited. When people purchase their products, it provides a direct income to these artisans, empowering them and encouraging their craftsmanship. Initiatives like fair trade further ensure that artisans receive fair wages, fostering economic stability within their communities.
4	Moreover, indigenous craft items help preserve cultural heritage. Every handcrafted product carries a story-a glimpse into the traditions, beliefs, and skills passed down through generations. In India, whether it’s paintings, terracotta jewellery, sculptures, athangudi tiles, mud work frames or many others, each item reflects the unique identity of its region. By choosing these crafts, people not only appreciate the artistry but also help keep these traditions alive in an era where cultural homogenisation threatens diversity.
5	In addition to their economic and cultural value, indigenous crafts add a personal touch to homes and wardrobes. Unlike mass-produced items, which often lack individuality, handcrafted products are unique. Each piece bears the imprint of the artisan’s effort, creativity, and dedication, making it special for the buyer.
6	However, the preference for indigenous crafts requires sustained efforts to thrive. Governments, organisations, and consumers all have roles to play. Policies that promote local craftsmanship, provide training to artisans, and create global platforms for showcasing their work can boost the visibility and demand for these products. Consumers, too, must actively seek out and invest in handmade crafts rather than opting for cheaper, factory-made alternatives. Choosing indigenous craft items is a meaningful step toward a more sustainable and culturally enriched world.

Answer the following questions, based on the passage above.

1. Why is the growing preference for indigenous craft items described as a ‘welcome trend’ in paragraph 1? (1)
2. According to paragraph 1, the indigenous craft items have all of the following qualities except being: (1)
   1. handcrafted products
   2. rooted in artistic traditions
   3. aesthetic in appeal
   4. easily accessible
3. Complete the following by selecting the correct option from those given in the brackets. (1)
   The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts ______ (traditional/eco-friendly). (Paragraph 2)
4. Select the option that is True from (A)-(C) given for what the phrase, ‘time-tested methods’ suggests in paragraph 2. (1)
   1. Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective over generations.
   2. Artisans use outdated practices that are no longer relevant in today’s commercial markets.
   3. Artisans follow techniques that prioritise speed and mass production over craftsmanship.
5. Complete the analogy by selecting one of the two correct options (a), (b). (1)
   Fair trade : fair wages :: ______ : ______  (Paragraph 3)
   1. employment : job security
   2. mass production : reduced prices
6. Why is supporting indigenous crafts considered an effective way to improve the economic conditions of small communities? (Paragraph 3) (2)
7. What are the main ideas of paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? (1)
   1. Choosing indigenous crafts helps preserve cultural heritage.
   2. Handcrafted products lack individuality.
   3. Indigenous crafts reflect the artisan’s creativity.
   4. Indigenous crafts promote uniformity by erasing regional differences in artistic traditions.
   5. Cultural homogenisation encourages people to choose indigenous crafts over mass-produced goods.
      Select the correct option.
      

      Options	Main idea of paragraph 4	Main idea of paragraph 5
      A.	ii	iv
      B.	v	ii
      C.	i	iii
      D.	iv	ii

8. Why is it important for consumers to take an active role alongside government and organisations in sustaining indigenous crafts? (Paragraph 6) (2)

Answer 1

I. The preference for indigenous craft items is described as a welcome trend because it counters the dominance of mass-produced goods, promotes sustainability, supports local artisans, and helps preserve cultural and artistic traditions.

II. Easily accessible

III. The usage of locally sourced materials makes the indigenous crafts eco-friendly.

IV. Artisans use traditional techniques that have been refined and proven effective over generations.

V. Fair trade : fair wages :: employment : job security

Explanation:

Just as fair trade ensures fair wages, employment provides job security. Both emphasize fairness and stability.

VI. Supporting indigenous crafts improves the economic conditions of small communities because it provides artisans with a stable source of income and helps them sustain their livelihoods. This empowerment encourages the continuation of traditional craftsmanship and reduces economic challenges in regions where employment opportunities are limited, leading to greater economic stability within these communities.

VII.

Main idea of paragraph 4	Main idea of paragraph 5
i	iii

Explanation:

Paragraph 4 emphasizes the preservation of cultural heritage (i).

Paragraph 5 highlights the uniqueness and creativity of artisans (iii).

VIII. It is important for consumers to take an active role in sustaining indigenous crafts because their choices directly influence the visibility, demand, and survival of handmade products. Even though governments and organizations may create supportive policies, without consumer interest these efforts may not translate into real benefits for artisans. Active consumer participation helps create a sustainable market and contributes to preserving cultural heritage.